A modified inner-loop ultrasonic nutrient mist bioreactor with three stainless steel meshes was used to culture shoots of Artemisia annua L. for the production of artemisinin. The distribution of nutrient mist and the characteristics of shoot growth in the bioreactor were observed. Under the optimal misting cycle of 390 (3 min of misting ON, followed by 90 min of misting OFF), the dry weight of biomass and artemisinin production in the bioreactor reached 13.4 and 46.9 mg/l after 25 days. The growth and artemisinin accumulation in the mist bioreactor were higher than those in flasks.