Tropine (tropan-3α-ol) is an intermediate in the formation of hyoscyamine. An acyltransferase activity that can acetylate tropine using acetyl-coenzyme A as cosubstrate has been found in transformed root cultures of Datura stramonium. A further acyltransferase activity that acetylates pseudotropine (tropan-3β-ol) with acetyl-coenzyme A is also present. These two activities can be partially resolved by anion-exchange chromatography, some fractions containing only the pseudotropine-utilizing activity. The basic properties of these two enzymes are reported and their roles in forming the observed alkaloid spectrum of D. stramonium roots discussed.