The composites with CeO2 addition varied from 0vol.% to 5vol.% were sintered at 1420°C under an applied pressure of 30MPa for 60min. The results of mechanical tests showed that CeO2 is useful for improving mechanical properties, but excessive addition (>3vol.%) will deteriorate the composite; The highest values of relative density, Vickers harness, flexural strength and fracture toughness were recorded for the sample with 3vol.% addition, which produced 97.6%, 15.7MPa, 406.5MPa and 6.36MPam1/2. It can been seen from the SEM images and EDX analysis that the abnormal rod-like crystals appeared among Al2O3 grains. These unusual grains were confirmed as the solid solution of Ce–Al–O. The XRD revealed the crystalline phase and the transformation of grain growth trend of Ti/Al2O3 cermet composite. Moreover, the relationship of microstructure evolution and mechanical properties for the composite were illustrated.