238 U, 234 U and 210 Po activity concentration was determined in 70 samples of red and white wine coming from 16 Italian regions. The radionuclides were determined by alpha spectrometry after separation. The results show that the mean concentrations of 238 U, 234 U and 210 Po were 3.63×10 −3 ±2.19×10 −3 , 4.41×10 −3 ±3.10×10 −3 and 6.85×10 −2 ±3.79×10 −2 BqL −1 for red wine and 5.08×10 −3 ±4.20×10 −3 , 5.59×10 −3 ±8.49×10 −3 and 3.92×10 −2 ±2.63×10 −2 BqL −1 for white wine, respectively. The effective radiation dose due to the uranium and polonium ingestions by wine (0.5l per day) ranges from 2.68×10 −4 to 4.91×10 −2 mSvyear −1 .