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Spatial patterns of soil microbial activity are central to understanding greenhouse gas dynamics in wetlands. Because agriculture reduces spatial heterogeneity in soil properties, we examined the hypothesis that soil microbial activity in natural wetlands would show a high degree of spatial autocorrelation when distances between samples were small; however, in wetlands that were disturbed by agriculture...
Forest clear-cuts may have severe effects on the soil structure and related nutrient cycling, though with yet unknown consequences for nutrient pools such as phosphorus (P) within microaggregates. We sampled the bulk mineral topsoil prior to clear cut as well as 1 and 2years thereafter from the experimental forest site Wüstebach, Germany, and we assessed the degree of oxygen isotope exchange in HCl-extractable...
In arid and semi-arid regions because of water access and soil salinity problems extending of agriculture to a new area has been faced with restriction. Knowledge of the transport process of moisture and energy in subsurface soil is vital to understanding the environmental and economic impact of agricultural practices in these areas. This study was conducted to: (a) assess the relative importance...
Charcoal production in forests is one of the oldest forms of forest exploitation. The legacy of such once widespread activity is a plethora of relic charcoal hearths (RCHs11RCHs: relic charcoal hearths.), where soil shows a thick, black, charcoal-rich top horizon. Even where very common, such as in European forests, RCHs were rarely studied to assess their relevance as C reservoir. For this purpose,...
In the high plateau region of central Iran, there is both a lack of information on calcic soil processes and aspects of Quaternary paleoclimate. Thus, the research discussed here was undertaken as a first step to assess the utility of calcic soil research in the region. The properties and isotope composition of calcic soils was studied on a complex of alluvial fans, located about 50km SE of the city...
In this study, we evaluated the ability of the SPACSYS model to simulate water run-off, soil moisture, N2O fluxes and grass growth using data generated from a field of the North Wyke Farm Platform. The field-scale model is adapted via a linked and grid-based approach (grid-to-grid) to account for not only temporal dynamics but also the within-field spatial variation in these key ecosystem indicators...
Soil is a critical component of global biogeochemical cycles, and there is an increasing need for cost effective tools to measure soil carbon stocks and determine soil nitrogen contents. Reflectance spectroscopy can deliver large volumes of soil carbon data. However, as soil carbon concentrations can be spatially heterogeneous, imaging spectroscopy presents the best potential to provide high resolution...
Soil organic phosphorus (P) dynamics is proposed to vary across regions. However, it remains unclear how it is driven by regional variations in environmental conditions. This study examined the variations in the amount and forms of organic P in the top 10cm of mineral soils in natural broadleaved forests along a latitudinal gradient (18.4–40.8°N) and their environmental drivers. Soil organic P amount...
The goal of this study was to understand better the co-play of intrinsic soil properties and extrinsic factors of climate and management in the estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in intensively managed landscapes. For this purpose, a physically-based, modeling framework was developed using hydro-pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and watershed models integrated with Geographic Information...
Exposure to sunshine is known to play a role in litter decomposition in some semi-arid areas. The aim of this study was to find out if it also plays a role in higher latitude environments in peat litter decomposition and could contribute to an explanation to the patchy nature of peat litter decomposition.Peat litter from 5 microenvironments (top of slope, bottom of slope, ridge, ryam and hollow) and...
Soils have an important role as a reservoir of essential elements for forest ecosystems. Although previous chronosequence studies have determined accumulation rates of several elements in soils, they have not focused on sulfur (S), a secondary macronutrient. We investigated S accumulation rates in five volcanic soils, dated by the use of tephras from the following volcanoes: Mt. Komagatake (tephra...
Soil information is essential for sustainable management of ecosystems. In many parts of Iran, soil information is either not available or difficult to obtain. Therefore, when no detailed map or soil information is accessible in a region of interest, one way to obtain information is to extrapolate information from other parts having soil information. This study was conducted to determine whether -...
Wildfires have the potential to change the physico-chemical characteristics of soils, and further research is required to establish the nature, extent and duration of these impacts. The extent to which the impacts of wildfires differ from the more frequently studied prescribed burns is an active area of investigation with serious implications for landscape managers and conservation biologists. Here,...
The quality of soil maps can best be estimated by collecting additional data at locations selected by probability sampling. These data can be used in design-based estimation of map quality measures such as the population mean of the squared prediction errors (MSE) for continuous soil maps and overall accuracy for categorical soil maps. In areas with large differences in access costs it can be attractive...
In continuously cropped fields, residues from decomposing watermelon plants are a primary source of autotoxins, which can inhibit watermelon growth and facilitate invasion of soil-borne pathogens. The composition of the autotoxins produced and the primary microbial decomposers remain unknown. Therefore, a microcosm experiment was conducted to identify the produced volatile organic compounds (VOCs,...
In this study, we tested the potential of visible-near infrared (VNIR, 350–2500nm) and mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR, 2500–15,000nm) for quantification and prediction of soil parameters to support the Saxon Permanent Soil Monitoring Program. As Saxony is characterised by a large variety of soil metal concentrations which can negatively affect essential soil functions, the presented study is strongly...
The agronomic utilization of compost has some benefits to soil. Compost increase soil nutrients, and soil organic matter content; thus, it has a positive effect on biological, physical, and chemical properties of the soil. During the composting process, different feedstocks such as plant wastes, sewage sludge, and biochar are used. Biochar has great potential to improve the quality of compost. This...
The objective of this study was to determine if the Early Eocene paleosols on King George Island, Maritime Antarctica, have acquired their reddish color during the paleopedogenesis, by burial diagenesis and/or by heating of a covering lava flow. We used micromorphology, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and mineral magnetic properties to identify the iron oxides in these paleosols...
Published laboratory studies suggest minimum solubility of soil phosphorus (P) in the pH range traditionally considered as the target for lime applications on agricultural land. However, the potential significance of these results for the timescale relevant in practical agriculture remains to demonstrate. We revisited four long-term (50–76years) agricultural lime experiments located on Quaternary...
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