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The purpose of this paper is to compare inverse estimates of point capillary pressure–effective saturation, Se(ψ), parameters and functions with independently measured Se(ψ) parameters and functions. Average capillary pressure–effective saturation functions, <Se>(ψ), were measured for Flint sand using a hanging water column setup and 9 packed columns, with heights varying between 4.3cm and 55...
Using the Shannon Information Entropy (IE) as a soil structure metric is proposed to analyze the effect of the particle size distribution (PSD) heterogeneity on soil bulk density values. A data base including 6239 soil samples from Florida is used. For each soil the IE is computed using mass proportions of the seven texture fractions that the data base provides. The range of IE values is divided into...
Understanding the depth distributions of soil organic carbon (SOC) content in a soil profile has become increasingly important to examine land use effects on soil carbon sequestration and soil quality. We addressed the variability of SOC in deep soil profiles under different land uses using the multifractal approach. In addition, classical indices such as proportion of SOC stored at the upper soil...
This exploratory study presents a technique to assess soil water repellency (SWR) spatial variability based on infrared thermography. Small-scale laboratory tests were carried out using a soil flume and a loamy-sand soil, where SWR was induced on soil surface with waterproofing spray and repellent areas were mapped through thermal imaging, using a portable infrared video camera. Cold water was used...
Parent material is a soil forming factor which, specially in temperate climates, influences soil hydraulic properties. As direct measurements of the soil hydraulic properties are laborious, time-consuming and expensive, this work explores the influence of geological material on soil hydraulic properties using the Balanced Entropy Index (BEI) as a particle size distribution descriptor which was shown...
Understanding and describing the temporal variability of soil surface runoff and the associated production of sediments are required for modeling soil erosion processes. We employed multifractal and joint multifractal techniques to quantify the temporal scaling relationships of water and soil losses measured in standard erosion plots across a period of about 20years. The time series studied consisted...
The connectivity of macropore networks is thought to exert an important control on preferential flow in soil, although little progress has been made towards incorporating an understanding of these effects into management-oriented flow and transport models. In principle, concepts from percolation theory should be well suited to quantify the connectivity of preferred flow pathways, but so far its relevance...
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is an important nitrogen removal pathway in aquatic systems. However, the significance of anammox in nitrogen removal in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in the agricultural ecosystems, is currently not well known. Here, we studied the vertical distribution and activity of anammox bacteria in a vegetable field (0–100cm; 10-cm intervals) in Southeastern China...
The stability of soil organic matter (OM) in Amazonian anthropogenic soils, Terra Preta de Índio (TPI), is still not completely understood. The large contribution from black carbon (BC) and minerals to these soils is well-known; OM stability is therefore frequently explained by these properties, providing intrinsic recalcitrance (BC) and chemical protection against decomposition (OM-mineral associations),...
Continuous assessment of soil heavy metal concentrations in agricultural soils is critical for ensuring ecosystem health and minimizing potential adverse effects. However, conventional laboratory determinations are time-consuming, expensive and involve hazardous chemicals. We evaluated the potential of visible near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (VNIRS) to rapidly and simultaneously predict total,...
Tillage is a common agricultural practice affecting soil structure and biogeochemistry. Pore network geometries are crucial to oxygen concentration, gas diffusivity, water location and water movement. Soil aggregates, 4–6mm in diameter and collected from silty loam in Belgium and sandy loam in China, were scanned using a micro-computed tomography scanner. Images with a pixel size of 6.9μm were then...
Excess salinity may lead to degradation of arable land and exclusion from agricultural production by worsening of their properties. The evaluation of the characteristics of saline soils is very important from the point of view of the use of agricultural soil. The aim of this study was to determine changes in the physicochemical properties of soil, the content and activity of soil microbial biomass...
Laboratory Visible-Near Infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy is a good alternative to costly physical and chemical soil analysis to estimate a wide range of soil properties. Various statistical methods relate soil Vis-NIR spectra to soil properties including partial least-squares regression (PLSR), the most common multivariate statistical technique in soil science. Most efforts are generally dedicated...
Based on field observations, remote sensing, and modeling, recent studies have reported inconsistent changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau over the past few decades. However, direct evidence about the changes in SOC stocks in the plateau's grasslands coming from in situ, site-by-site, repeated surveys is rare. In this study, we carried out a repeated soil...
The laboratory soil analysis is traditionally used to establish elements, such as those related with fertility. It is costly and time consuming, which insures issues for future of precision agriculture, which is stagnated in some countries. Reflectance spectroscopy has recently emerged as a potential tool to reduce these issues. However, chemical elements are usually only underlined with spectra by...
Organic farming systems provide the opportunity to deliver more soil ecosystem services than conventional practices. One such service could be soil organic C (SOC) accumulation, but recent debates suggest that this is unclear. Furthermore, organic farming potential to accumulate SOC for the entire soil profile is not well known. We quantified the cumulative SOC stocks, aggregate-associated SOC, and...
Vertisols and vertic soils are known in a wide range of bioclimatic environments. The aim of this research was to identify possible vertic features in ultra-continental climate with gelic soil temperature regime with MAAT <1°C. Detailed morphological investigation supported by micromorphological and physical attributes identified vertic features both at the order and subgroup levels in Buryatia...
Physical stabilization of soil organic matter (SOM) was assessed by a novel combination of methods in minesoils of Central Italy, cultivated or afforested with different species by 30years. We studied this stabilization in: 1) a managed (thinned and mowed) English oak (Quercus robur L.) plantation; 2) a similarly managed 1:1 mixed plantation of Italian alder (Alnus cordata Loisel.) and English oak;...
Time-stability of the soil water content (SWC) under influence of a native forest has great interest, however, it has been little scientifically explored in tropical and subtropical regions. This study aimed to monitor in a systematic way the SWC at soil depth to analyze its space-time variability and time-stability under conditions of an Atlantic Forest remnant, a native environment of southeastern...
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