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Sequential extractions at three pH values were used to model the effect of successive harvests of Ni hyperaccumulator plants on the Ni availability of several ultramafic soils. All soils, with one exception, contained about 2000 μg/g Ni and all behaved in a similar manner. It was found that between 13 and 80% of the total Ni in the soil was potentially available to plants. The remainder could not...
The recognition of the potential health hazards associated with heavy metals has focused attention on the levels and behaviours of these elements both in natural and contaminated environments. Various soil types developed from different parent materials in Sicily, Italy, have been analysed in order to compare heavy metal distribution under different geopedological conditions. Total metal concentrations,...
The functional composition of soil organic matter (SOM) is influenced by land use and cropping practices. We studied the ability to separate organic matter (OM) fractions different in stability by sequential extraction with water and sodium pyrophosphate solution. Additionally we investigated effects of crop rotation and fertilization on the content and composition of the isolated OM fractions. The...
Carbon turnover models are used to estimate changes in soil organic matter (SOM) content caused by management or land use. A limitation of most of these models is that their conceptual C-pools generally do not correspond to experimentally verifiable organic matter (OM) fractions. Our intention was to isolate OM fractions different in solubility and to identify their composition and their stability...
Sequential extraction has been used as a suitable method for identification of chemical forms of trace elements and their plant availability. However, in calcareous soils of Iran, little attention has been paid to studying the capacity of soil components for cadmium (Cd) retention and the change in chemical forms as affected by time. The objective of this study was, therefore, to determine the effect...
Natural soil profiles strongly contaminated by arsenic (As) have been studied. Soils were characterised by its pH, chemical composition, carbonate, humus, exchangeable cations and H + , and oxalate extractable Fe contents. Mineralogical and chemical speciation of the As was studied by mineralogical methods and sequential extraction. Results were compared and discussed regarding the two different...
A 30-month experiment was carried out in field containers to evaluate the potential of various amendments and/or a plant cover (Agrostis stolonifera L.) for reclamation of a soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. Five amended treatments with plant were established: leonardite (LEO), litter (LIT), municipal waste compost (MWC), biosolid compost (BC) and sugar beet lime (SL). Two controls were...
The impact of heavy metal pollution on growth and water quality has become a public concern. Fractionation of soil lead (Pb) is an important approach of chemical characterization and can provide useful information on its bioavailability. A greenhouse study was undertaken to estimate the availability of Pb fractions to rice in two paddy soils of Inceptisol (Fluventic Umbrepts) and Ultisol (Plinthudic...
We compared Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn fractionation patterns in four typical soils naturally containing high levels of these elements on the tropical volcanic island of Réunion. Two sequential chemical extraction procedures were used: the modified four-stage BCR procedure (subsequently called mBCR) and the modified six-stage Geological Survey of Canada procedure (subsequently called mGSC). The results obtained...
The present study deals with the impact of a lead-recycling plant on metal accumulation in soils, evaluated by a global pedological analysis. This general approach can be used on various contaminated sites to evaluate impact of an anthropogenic activity and inform on metal origin and behavior. A soil profile collected in the vicinity of a lead-recycling plant in operation for 40 years was studied...
Sequential extraction has been used as a suitable method for identification of chemical forms of trace elements and their plant availability. However, in calcareous soils of Iran little attention has been paid to studying the capacity of soil components for nickel (Ni) retention and the change in its chemical forms as affected by time. The objective of this study was, therefore, to determine the effect...
In order to understand the change of soil environment induced by re-vegetation, the physico-chemical properties, heavy metal (Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn) distribution and bioavailability was investigated in four different sites with different re-vegetation time. Results showed that soil physico-chemical properties and total content of heavy metals consistently increased with the re-vegetation time. The proportions...
A series of incubation and leaching experiments were performed to assess the feasibility of two industrial by-products (phosphogypsum —PG— and sugar foam —SF—, rich in gypsum and calcium carbonate, respectively) to reduce the potential leachability of As, Cd, and Tl in an acidic soil. The effectiveness of the treatments (SF and PG+SF) was evaluated in response to the addition of a chelating agent...
Geologic and pedologic controls have an important influence on the abundance, distribution and behavior of elements in natural soil environments. In order to assess the role of these factors on distribution and chemical speciation of selected trace elements in soil, soils on six parent materials including phyllite, tonalite, peridotite, dolerite, shale and limestone were sampled in western Alborz...
Sequential extractions can provide analytical constraints on the identification of mineral phases that control arsenic speciation in sediments. Model solids were used in this study to evaluate different solutions designed to extract arsenic from relatively labile solid phases. Sequential and single-step extractions were conducted to evaluate the selectivity of these extraction solutions for differentiating...
Selenium (Se) has been added to fertilizers in Finland since 1984, but the fate of the annual selenate addition not removed by the crops is unclear. Residual Se is assumed to be reduced from soluble selenate into insoluble species, which accumulate in the soil, but this has not been verified by soil analyses. In order to develop an appropriate extraction method for tracing the fate of fertilizer Se,...
A new sequential extraction scheme for acid sulfate soil materials has been evaluated for iron partitioning in a range of synthetic iron-bearing minerals and natural acid sulfate soil materials. This sequential extraction procedure employs six steps to quantify (1) exchangeable (magnesium chloride extractable), (2) acid (hydrochloric acid) soluble, (3) reactive organic-bound (pyrophosphate extractable),...
A sequential extraction procedure was applied to acid sulfate soil materials from a soil profile to investigate the effect of sample pretreatment on the geochemical fractionation of selected metals. The samples were prepared for analysis by oven-drying, sieving and grinding the soil, or were examined as collected in field condition. The soil profile encompassed oxidising conditions near the surface,...
The cosmogenic fallout radionuclide beryllium-7 (t 1/2 =53.3days) can be employed as a tracer to estimate soil redistribution rates, residence times and relative contributions of surface material to fluvial systems. As such, 7 Be-based sediment tracing can contribute to the construction of sediment budgets with the potential to become a valuable decision support tool in the context...
Ultramafic rocks and their related soils and sediments are non-anthropogenic sources of metal contaminants. In the southeastern region of Sri Lanka, release of Ni and Mn into the surrounding areas and groundwater is an ecological, agricultural and human health concern. Here, we investigate the release and fate of Ni and Mn from serpentine sediment in the Ussangoda ultramafic complex by coupling interpretations...
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