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In this rapid communication, we address two important issues regarding the calculation of fragment mass-size distribution fractal dimension. We particularly focus on particle-size distribution, as a special case of fragment mass-size distribution, and demonstrate that the arithmetic mean concept frequently used in the literature is not supported. We also show that ignoring lower and upper cutoffs...
Biochar is suggested for soil amelioration and carbon sequestration, based on its assumed role as the key factor for the long-term fertility of Terra preta soils. Several studies have shown that certain biochar properties can undergo changes through ageing processes, especially regarding charge characteristics. However, only a few studies determined the changes of different biochars under the same...
Only 0.35% (49,500km 2 ) of Antarctica is ice-free. These areas are scattered around the periphery of the continent and in interior mountain ranges, making soil mapping difficult. Here we compile the results of mapping in five of the nine ice-free areas that account for 79% of the ice-free area on a reconnaissance scale and interpret the distribution of soil subgroups in Soil Taxonomy. Soils...
We studied the changes in structure and functioning of the microbial community in a degraded agricultural soil after the addition of two composts, obtained from cattle manure or pig slurry anaerobic digestate, and the use of rosemary plants for restoring soil quality.The composts were added at low or high doses to soil samples (30 or 60tha −1 , respectively), which were kept in microcosms...
Adding carbon-rich solids from pyrolysis (pyrochars) and hydrothermal carbonization (hydrochars) to soils can improve their hydraulic properties and increase the plant available soil water capacity (AWC). However, the effects of the specific char characteristics on soil hydraulic properties are still little understood and thus, difficult to optimize for soil amendment. It is often assumed that the...
Reclamation on bare tailing ponds has the potential to represent soil genesis in Technosols favoring the understanding of the changes of microbial communities and function. In this study we used phytostabilization aided with calcium carbonate and pig slurry/manure to reclaim an acidic bare tailing pond with the aim of investigating the effect of amending and different species on microbial community...
Urban streams have been found to have high exports of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) relative to native land use. While wastewater effluent is considered to be a contributor of carbon to streams, it does not wholly account for high concentrations of DOC above which would be expected from the watershed under native vegetation. This study examined biodegradable DOC (BDOC) in urban and remnant soils...
Organic matter is the soil component most affected by wildfires, both in terms of abundance and composition. Fire-induced alteration of soil organic matter (SOM) depends on heating intensity and duration, oxygen availability and other factors related to topography, climate, soil and vegetation features. Particularly affected by fire is the litter layer, but SOM from the uppermost mineral soil can...
Subsurface-tile drainage is designed to remove gravitational water and soluble salts from the soil-root zone. However, soil swelling, as influenced by soil Na and electrical conductivity (EC), will reduce saturated hydraulic conductivity. The objective of the experiments reported in this paper was to determine the influence of Na and EC on the amount of water retained at field capacity (−33kPa) in...
Wetland restoration is globally important to reestablish functions such as carbon (C) sequestration; however, restoration activities (e.g., land clearing) can affect anaerobic C cycling and greenhouse gas production. In this study, we compared enzyme activity (ß-glucosidase) and anaerobic production of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ) in soils of reference wetlands and those...
For the past 20years, soil reflectance measurement in the laboratory has been a common and extensively used procedure. Based on soil spectroscopy, a proxy strategy using a chemometrics approach has been developed for soils, along with massive construction of soil spectral libraries worldwide. Surprisingly however, there are no agreed-upon standards or protocols for reliable reflectance measurements...
An experiment was undertaken to measure the concentration of soil organic carbon (SOC) in particles mobilized by rainfall splash under natural precipitation and to assess its relationship with soil and precipitation properties. Splash cups were deployed on three agricultural soils typical of the central Ebro Valley in Spain (a Cambisol, a Gypsisol, and a Solonchak), and the rainfall characteristics...
Spatial differences in the content of organic carbon in topsoils are closely related to differences in environmental parameters such as climate, land use and geology. The spatial distribution of organic carbon in topsoils in Galicia was predicted using a PLS approach and compared with other more frequently applied regression methods (multiple linear regression, and principal component regression)...
To evaluate organic carbon (OC) accumulation processes in peat deposits in tropical mangrove ecosystems, solid-state 13 C cross-polarization and magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance signals were measured to determine the OC compositions of decomposed leaves and roots. These account for a large majority of mangrove litters and mangrove peat in a coral reef-type Rhizophora forest...
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