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The Shurijeh Formation (Early Cretaceous) consists of siliciclastic, evaporate, and carbonate facies with associated calcareous paleosols in the Kopet-Dagh basin. These calcareous paleosols (pedogenic carbonate nodules) include specific macromorphological and micromorphological features. Based on macroscopic and microscopic properties, the Shurijeh Calcareous paleosols are divided into pedogenic and...
Field monitoring stations were used to assess selected soil parameters and trace metal concentrations in soil solution (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn) to assess their behaviour under spatial as well as seasonal variations. We investigated three different plots within a floodplain research area varying in terms of their soil characteristics as well as their trace metal contents. Redox potential was found...
In this work, a soil carbon, aggregation, and structure turnover (CAST) model was developed based on the concept suggested by many authors in the scientific literature that macro-aggregates are formed around particulate organic matter, followed by the release of micro-aggregates. A simplified mechanistic Nitrogen model was also developed. The CAST model was evaluated by field data of cropland to set-aside...
Glacier forefields are characterised by high spatial variability in water availability, solar radiation, and vegetation, as well as weathering processes. The aim of this study is to improve the understanding of initial weathering of granite material with respect to the water regime (availability and residence time of the water) and the vegetation cover. Samples of granite powder were buried in four...
Weathering of soil minerals is important for the recovery from acidification and for the sustainability of forestry. However, there is still substantial uncertainty about its absolute rate. This study presents a harmonized comparison of field weathering rates estimated with the mechanistic model PROFILE and the depletion method for 16 intensively sampled soil profiles across Sweden representing different...
The radiocaesium technique has become an attractive methodology for quantifying long-term average soil erosion and accumulation rates. It is based on comparing the 137 Cs inventory in soils of a site which is suspected to be affected by soil redistribution to that of an adjacent undisturbed reference site. A major complication arises from the spatial variability of 137 Cs generally...
This study assessed the impact of prescribed burning on the peat properties of moorlands during the post-fire succession in a multi-site study within a major moorland region of Great Britain. Three replicate moorland sites were sampled; all were ombrotrophic bogs and had peat soils overlying similar geology and similar vegetation. A chronosequence approach was used to sample soils from a post-fire...
The bioassay of barley root elongation was performed in 17 Chinese soils with added copper (Cu) to investigate the phytotoxicity of soluble Cu based on soil pore water and 0.01M CaCl 2 extraction. For soluble Cu in soil pore water, the soil solution property induced variations of effective concentrations that caused 10% (EC10) and 50% (EC50) inhibition in barley root elongation which were...
This review collates and discusses an ever increasing body of evidence indicating that biota from across the world have contributed proactively towards engineering of specific pedogenetic events, and have done so from the most primitive ecosystems of the Precambrian onwards. We consider particularly modern counterparts, including podzols and mollisols and especially oligotrophic ecosystems of semi-arid,...
Blanket peat and other moorland soils store the largest proportion of the soil organic carbon resource (SOC) in the United Kingdom. However, current understanding of the quantity and distribution of upland SOC is limited and approaches are needed to quantify carbon storage over large areas, whilst adequately representing spatial variability at a smaller scale. This article presents a methodology for...
Soakaway sediment trapped in urban infiltration facilities exhibits high heavy metal content that makes it an important diffuse pollution source of groundwater contamination. In this study, heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) content, speciation and stable isotopic variation of Pb in soakaway sediments were coupled and compared with soils (surface and underlying), and road dusts (residential and highway)...
In the context of major global environmental challenges such as food security, climate change, fresh water scarcity and biodiversity loss, the protection and the sustainable management of soil resources in Africa are of paramount importance. To raise the awareness of the general public, stakeholders, policy makers and the science community to the importance of soil in Africa, the Joint Research Centre...
The objective of the present study was to assess the relative contributions of microbial (mineralization of non-microbial organic phosphorus and microbial phosphorus) and physical–chemical (diffusion of phosphate ions at the solid-to-solution interface) processes involved in replenishing the soil solution with phosphate ions. This assessment was carried out across soil depths and subsystems in a forest...
One of the most popular geophysical methods currently being used to provide information about the spatial variation of soil properties is electromagnetic (EM) induction. This is because EM instruments are easy to set-up, use and mobilise. In addition, the measured apparent electrical conductivity (σ a —mSm −1 ) has been shown to be useful in mapping soil (e.g. clay) and hydrological...
Spatial information about forest soil base cations is important because of its implications for forest health and resilience to disturbance and management.The relevance of using geochemical data from lake and stream sediments collected for mining prospection purposes was evaluated to assess on a relative basis the forest soil base cation status and availability across the Quebec (Canada) forest landbase,...
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