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The Simplified Falling Head (SFH) technique to measure field saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, K fs , has received little testing or comparison with other techniques. Different experiments were carried out to i) determine the effect of ring size on the measured conductivity; ii) compare the SFH and Pressure Infiltrometer (PI) techniques in a clay loam soil; and iii) evaluate the approach...
Several million hectares of salt-affected land in the western Songnen Plain, in northeast China, is characterized as hard saline-sodic soils because of their poor physical and chemical properties. Desulfurized gypsum, a by-product of thermal power plants for removal of sulfur from coal, may be used as an external source of Ca 2+ for reclamation of saline-sodic soil in this plain because it...
The Guelph Permeameter (GP) is a widely used well/auger-hole method for in-situ determination of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (K fs ) and sorptive number (α*) in the vadose or unsaturated zone. Its application can be difficult, however, in gravelly materials which are problematic to auger, and in un-cohesive sandy materials which collapse during the augering process or upon wetting...
Cryalfs are the predominant suborder along the eastern front of the Rocky Mountains from northern NM through MT and into Alberta. Approximately 50% of the Cryalfs in the western USA contain a glossic horizon, defined as a degraded argillic horizon containing properties of both an E and a Bt horizon. Using the NRCS database, we examined 257 Cryalf soil series, 79 of which contain a glossic horizon...
The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is an important property of porous media whose estimation is still investigated. In this study, we developed a new unsaturated hydraulic conductivity model from applying percolation theory to the pore–solid fractal approach (PSF). In actual applications the pore size distribution was obtained from the soil water retention curve. Using 104 soil samples from the...
The cosmogenic fallout radionuclide beryllium-7 (t 1/2 =53.3days) can be employed as a tracer to estimate soil redistribution rates, residence times and relative contributions of surface material to fluvial systems. As such, 7 Be-based sediment tracing can contribute to the construction of sediment budgets with the potential to become a valuable decision support tool in the context...
The influence of organisms on pedogenesis is acknowledged in the scorpan model; however organisms, plants in particular, might be seen in a different light within the scorpan model. In fact, in minimally managed terrestrial ecosystems, biota coexists with soil as part of a feedback system, in which the biota not only influences soil development, but is also in turn influenced by it. This means that...
A study was conducted on PVC columns in the laboratory to investigate the effect of the application of hydrogel in modifying the hydraulic properties of different soil types. The main treatments consisted of four different soil types, namely sand, alluvial sandy loam, red sandy loam and black clay. The sub-treatments consisted of three levels of gel application: 0.7%, 0.5% and 0% (by weight). A given...
Knowing the impact of warming on soil organic matter (SOM) is crucial for estimating future soil CO 2 effluxes. Whether different soil fractions and carbon (C) complexes have different temperature sensitivities is still a matter of debate. To measure the temperature sensitivity of tropical forest soils with ongoing decomposition, we collected soil cores from three sites along an altitudinal...
Volume changes occurring in soil–water systems are the result of multi-scale interactions that affect several processes in the soil–water continuum. For example, the soil's shrinkage/swelling properties result in horizontal and vertical deformations at the soil specimen scale, and lead to cracking which is often responsible for producing preferential flow paths that impact the hydrologic response...
The BEST (Beerkan Estimation of Soil Transfer parameters) procedure is attractive for simple soil hydraulic characterization but there is the need to test the reliability of the predictions. In this investigation, the BEST procedure to predict water retention of 199 Sicilian soils was evaluated. The BEST water retention model performed well (relative error, Er≤0.05) for approximately 80% of the soil...
With the conception that whole tree harvesting leads to an impoverishment of forest soils wood ash application is recommended, with the foremost benefits being increased pH in soil and subsequent surface waters, and recycling of nutrients from the wood ash.In this investigation a small boreal catchment in central Sweden was studied for 2years before and 2years after treatment with the maximum recommended...
Phosphorus (P) fractions are commonly assessed on dried soils in environmental and long-term field research, because this is the most convenient method of storing large quantities of samples before analysis. However sample pre-treatment may seriously affect the results, especially those regarding the organic P fractions. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of soil drying under...
A comprehensive study was executed to determine the distribution of the natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in surface soils throughout Turkey. In this study, the activity concentrations of 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K and 137 Cs in total of 1031 soil samples collected from seven geographical regions of Turkey were measured using the high-resolution gamma spectrometer with...
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