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The formulation, structure and use of the Verberne organic matter turnover model are described. Rate constants, efficiency factors and rules to distribute organic matter between the different input pools in the model are given together with the assumptions that had to be made in running the model against a series of long-term datasets. Both the effects of moisture on decomposition and the (extensive)...
NCSOIL simulates C and N transformations in 4 soil organic pools: Pool I labile, Pool I resistant, Pool II, and Pool III, with half-lives of 2, 17, 115 days and about 150 years, respectively. Pool I labile and Pool I resistant represent the microbial biomass. Pool I and Pool II represent the potentially mineralizable N, or the biologically active soil organic matter. The sum of Pools I, Pool II,...
Using the SOMM model of the humus types (Mor, Moder, Mull), simulations of SOM dynamics at seven long-term experiments were attempted as a part of a model evaluation exercise. The model comprises three compartments (undecomposed litter, partially humified litter, humus of mineral topsoil) and considers six processes of mineralization and humification as influenced by litter nitrogen and ash contents,...
Nine soil organic models were evaluated using twelve datasets from seven long-term experiments. Datasets represented three different land-uses (grassland, arable cropping and woodland) and a range of climatic conditions within the temperate region. Different treatments (inorganic fertilizer, organic manures and different rotations) at the same site allowed the effects of differing land management...
Simulations of long-term (> 20 year) soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics by the DNDC model were compared with field observations at 11 plots in 5 field stations in Europe and Australia. The exercise was part of a NATO-sponsored workshop on long-term monitoring and modeling of soil organic matter. Eight of the eleven plots were cultivated cropland and three were grassland (harvested for hay). ...
This paper describes Century Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Model simulations of seven long-term data sets that are the subject of this special issue. We found that Century successfully simulates SOM C across a variety of land use and climate types. Simulations of SOM were most successful in grass and crop systems. This exercise highlights a structural limitation of Century in simulating SOM in a forest...
Models are used increasingly to predict long-term changes in soil organic matter (SOM). Comparison with measured data is clearly desirable. We compared simulations of the mechanistic ITE (Edinburgh) Forest (EF) and Hurley Pasture (HP) ecosystem models with experimental SOM data from three long-term experiments: a 30 year old pine forest in South Carolina, USA, a 100 year old area of naturally regenerating...
CANDY (CArbon and Nitrogen DYnamics) is a simulation system based on long-term experiments of organic matter turnover and nitrogen dynamics at Bad Lauchstadt, Germany. Key driving variables are soil physical properties, meteorological data and management information. The main application of the CANDY model is the calculation of short-term dynamics of nitrogen transformation and long-term dynamics...
DAISY, a mechanistic model for the simulation of crop production, soil water and N dynamics in agro-ecosystems, was used for simulating trends in total soil carbon (C) for various long-term experiments as part of a model evaluation exercise. Of the seven core datasets in the global SOMNET database, DAISY could be applied to the four arable sites and, with certain critical assumptions, to the single...
As part of a model evaluation exercise, RothC-26.3, a model for the turnover of organic carbon in non-waterlogged soils, was fitted to measurements of organic carbon from 18 different experimental treatments on 6 long-term experimental sites in Germany, England, the USA, the Czech Republic and Australia. In the fitting process, the model was first run with an annual return of plant C that had been...
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