How the location of a ferrule affects the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars is unclear.The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of ferrule location on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars.Seventy-two extracted human mandibular premolars were selected and divided into 6 test groups (n=12) according to ferrule location: control group, GHT; endodontically treated teeth without endodontic posts and crowns, GCF; teeth with a 2 mm circumferential ferrule, GBF; teeth with a 2 mm buccal ferrule; GLF, teeth with a 2 mm lingual ferrule; GBLF, teeth with a 2 mm buccal and lingual ferrule; and teeth without ferrule, GWF. After glass fiber posts were cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement and foundation restorations were placed, NiCr crowns were luted to each prepared tooth. All specimens were quasistatically loaded at 30 degrees in a universal testing machine until fractured. Data were then analyzed with 1-way ANOVA, followed by multiple comparisons using the Tukey honestly significant difference test (α=.05).Mean ±SD failure loads for groups ranged from 791.1 ±177.5 N to 1086.1 ±181.1 N. One-way ANOVA revealed a statistically significant difference between the groups (P≤.05). However, no statistically significant differences were observed among groups (P>.05), except between GHT (control group) and groups GBLF and GWF (P=.025, P=.022).Within the limitations of this study, the location of the ferrule had no significant effect on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated mandibular premolars.