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Electro-active actuators based on graphene reinforced Nafion composite electrolytes were developed and their electro-chemo-mechanical properties and actuation performances were investigated. The tensile strength of the graphene–Nafion ionic membrane was significantly improved up to 200% within 1.0wt.% loading, and Young’s modulus was more than two times with a minute loading of graphene to Nafion...
Mesophase pitch-based carbon–carbon (C/C) composites were fabricated by cycles of impregnation/carbonization using two different preforms. Air oxidation was used as a stabilization process prior to carbonization. In order to study the effects of air oxidation, composites without air oxidation were also fabricated for comparison. The results showed that the effect of air oxidation was different for...
Ni–B alloy coated vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) were fabricated by electroless deposition and their microstructures were investigated. The effects of heat treatment on the coated VGCNFs were also studied. VGCNFs could be coated with a homogeneous Ni–B alloy film using a plating bath containing dimethylaminoborane (DMAB) as a reducing agent. The boron content of the Ni–B alloy film could be...
Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles have been homogenously deposited within highly dense, millimeter-long carbon nanotube array (CNTA) by dip-casting method from non-aqueous solutions. After modified with Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles, CNTAs have been changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic without their alignment and integrity being destroyed. The hydrophilic Mn 3 O 4 ...
The elastic properties of an extruded graphite (GR-280) used in nuclear industry have been examined. The lattice preferred orientation was determined by time-of-flight neutron diffraction that revealed weak texture with a texture index of less than 1.2. The bulk elastic properties of polycrystalline graphite with such a texture have been calculated using various averaging methods and compared with...
Graphene oxide sheets (GOSs) functionalized with rare-earth (RE) complexes were prepared using a noncovalent approach. The adsorption of RE complexes onto GOSs, as well as the individual nature of the hybrids, was confirmed. The GOS–RE complex hybrids and their dispersion can emit bright red luminescence, which makes them useful in many practical fields, such as biological labeling and anti-counterfeiting.
Stable ruthenium or rhodium metal nanoparticles were supported on chemically derived graphene (CDG) surfaces with small and uniform particle sizes (Ru 2.2±0.4nm and Rh 2.8±0.5nm) by decomposition of their metal carbonyl precursors by rapid microwave irradiation in a suspension of CDG in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. The graphene-supported hybrid nanoparticles were...
Adsorption of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (DMDBT) from simulated diesel fuel with 20ppmw total concentration of sulfur was investigated on polymer-derived carbon containing various amounts of oxygen and sulfur incorporated to the surface. Initial and exhausted carbons were characterized using adsorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, potentiometric titration, XPS, mass...
The rate of catalytic carbon nanofiber formation from a mixture of ethylene and hydrogen at 550°C was found to be dramatically faster over physical mixtures of palladium and cobalt micron scale particles than over either metal independently. The rate correlated with the metal fraction nearly identically for either Pd or Co rich mixtures. The highest rate increase over either pure metal was observed...
Carbon layers were obtained by etching of different silicon carbides with Cl 2 /H 2 gas mixtures at high temperatures (carbide-derived carbon). The resulting layers were studied by analytical and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. It was found, that etching of high purity single crystal SiC wafers exclusively yields amorphous carbon. The development of graphite-like...
Torsional strain energy evolution of a single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) and torsional stability of a CNT encapsulating a helical copper nanowire are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The strain energy transfer of the pristine CNT reveals a unique wave-like mode along the torsional axis and afterwards isoenergetic strips form helical distributions in the vicinity of the critical point...
Spinnable carbon nanotube (CNT) arrays with different CNT structures have been synthesized using different growth methods and carbon sources, and long and stable fibers have been produced. Parameters of the nanotubes such as tube diameter, wall thickness, tube length and level of defects were found to play a more important role in the mechanical properties of the fibers than did the initial tube arrangement...
The mechanical properties of arrays of curved, intertwined, but nominally vertical carbon nanotubes (CNTs), referred to as turfs, have been measured using nanoindentation. The elastic properties appear to be non-linear; as noted in prior studies the observed tangent modulus decreases with increasing strain. Decreasing adhesion between the turf and probe lowers the perceived stiffness of the material...
Thin-wall carbon nanocages with a variety of shapes were prepared by pulsed-laser ablation (PLA) of a carbon black target in water without the use of any catalysts. The experimental results suggested that they were formed by a bubble blowing mechanism rather than by the condensation of a gas, cluster or liquid.
Graphene nanoribbons (GNR) have been fabricated by a microexplosion method without severe oxidation – filling multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) with potassium and then reacting with water vigorously. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy have verified the synthesis mechanism: when MWCNTs are effectively filled with potassium, the microexplosion generated...
A real time method for monitoring the drug load and release on graphene oxide (GO) in a cuvette is reported using rhodamine B (RB) as a model for a drug. The mechanisms of the release of RB at different pH were investigated, by monitoring the time dependency of the accumulative drug release. In vitro real time experimental results indicated that RB could be loaded on GO with a capacity of 0.5mg/mg...
Conducting carbon black (CCB), short carbon fiber (SCF), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-filled conductive composites were prepared from ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Percolation thresholds of electrical conductivity in volume fraction (and in phr) for different carbon fillers were for CCB ∼0.14 (30phr), for SCF ∼0.07 (15phr) and for MWCNT mixed with solution process ∼0.03 (5phr)...
Well graphitized carbon nano-onions (CNOs) with large yield have been synthesized by the catalytic decomposition of methane over an unsupported Ni–Fe catalyst at 850°C. The unsupported Ni–Fe catalyst was prepared by a reduction-substitution method. In the Ni–Fe alloy particle, α-Fe(Ni) phase (kamacite) transforms to γ-Fe–Ni phase at the high temperature for hydrogen reduction and chemical vapor deposition...
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