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Anodic performances and structures of hard carbons prepared from synthetic isotropic pitches through solid phase oxidation were investigated to discuss their insertion sites for lithium ion and correlation between the capacity and structure. The derived hard carbons showed complicated voltage profiles of charge and discharge, indicating five kinds of insertion sites; partially charge transferring...
The electrochemical characteristics of vapor-derived carbon filaments of diameter 0.1 μm were studied by charge-discharge testing of a lithium-ion secondary cell with a lithium metal electrode. After activation, followed by either nitridation or reduction in hydrogen, vapor-derived carbon filaments show high reversible charge and discharge capacities. An ordered structure and a large pore size are...
Anode properties of boron-doped graphites were investigated by means of electrochemical measurements. A discharge capacity of about 315 mAh/g was obtained for 3.8 mass% boron-doped pitch coke-derived graphite in galvanostatic measurements. Increased discharge capacity for boron-doped graphite compared with boron-free one was considered to be mainly due to the enhanced graphitization by boron. Also,...
The electrochemical storage of energy in various carbon materials (activated carbons, aerogels, xerogels, nanostructures) used as capacitor electrodes is considered. Different types of capacitors with a pure electrostatic attraction and/or pseudocapacitance effects are presented. Their performance in various electrolytes is studied taking into account the different range of operating voltage (1 V...
Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based carbon fibers were tested as anodes for lithium ion rechargeable batteries. PAN-based fibers were first stabilized under tension in air at about 200 o C (stabilization tension) and then carbonized in different gas environments (carbonization atmospheres) at heat treatment temperatures (HTT) between 700 and 1500 o C. The carbon fiber electrodes were prepared...
Submicron vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) obtained by a floating growth method were evaluated in terms of their microstructural development with heat treatment temperature (HTT), physical properties of a single fiber and of the bulk state, and additional effects, such as the filler in the electrode of a lead-acid battery and a Li-ion battery system. Its desirable properties, such as relatively high...
A ζ-potential behavior of close to zero in high pH solutions is observed when carbons and carbides are treated with acetone and ultra-pure water in turn in order to improve the wetting of samples. The abnormal ζ-potential behavior can not be explained by the view of the dissociation of acidic functional groups, but could be accounted for by the effect of H 2 O and atmospheric CO 2 ...
We prepared Sn particles dispersed carbons by pyrolysis of pitch containing various organotin compounds, i.e. tetra-n-butyltin, poly(di-n-butyl(maleate)tin, tetrakis(diethylamino)tin, di-n-butyltin sulfide, poly(di-n-butyltin) and poly(di-n-butyltinoxide), and investigated the characteristics of the carbons and Li ions discharge and charge capacities. The crystallinity of the carbons decreased and...
Phenol-formaldehyde resins were used to produce carbons with different porosities by KOH etching. Through the introduction of a binder, carbon-binder composites were prepared to serve as electrodes in electric double-layer capacitors. Nitrogen adsorption was used to characterize the porous structure of the carbons and electrodes. The performance of the capacitors in 1 M H 2 SO 4 was...
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