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Soil production in actively uplifting or high precipitation alpine landscapes is potentially rapid. However, these same landscapes are also susceptible to erosion and can be sensitive to changes in climate and anthropogenic activity which can upset the balance between soil production and erosion. The Snowy Mountains, southeastern Australia, are a tectonically stable, low relief, moderate precipitation...
A plenty of models exist for study of the soil erosion and sediment yield processes. However, these models vary significantly in terms of their capability and complexity, input requirements, representation of processes, spatial and temporal scale accountability, practical applicability, and types of output they provide. The present study reviews 50 physically based soil erosion and sediment yield...
The rainsplash erosion is one important mechanism in natural and artificial slopes and the raindrops impact contributes to the amount of solids conveyed at the outlet of a mountain basin. Rainsplash erosion involves individual (or small clusters of) soil particles, it is a dynamic (temporally and spatially variable) process and mainly occurs in unsaturated soils where capillarity forces allow steep...
Rainfall causes runoff and soil erosion in artificial and natural slopes and important insight may derive from quantitative physically-based models or laboratory tests. Measurements of runoff and sediment discharges in small-scale experimental flume tests have become popular in recent years and a wide range of slope angles, soil grain-size-distributions and rainfall characteristics has been tested...
Soil erosion and deposition processes play an important role influencing accumulation and long-term stability of soil organic carbon (SOC). Therefore, evaluations of landscape-scale magnitude and variability of SOC across topographically active landscapes will improve understanding about important drivers of SOC dynamics. In this study, we investigated the relationship between terrain attributes and...
Agricultural expansion in the Mediterranean resulted in plant and soil degradation due to the intensive use, climate conditions, and rugged terrain. After abandonment, the recovery of vegetation contributed to improvement in soil quality from a hydrological, pedological and geomorphological point of view. This paper shows three examples of ecosystem evolution in abandoned fields in Valencia, Murcia...
Understanding how organic carbon (OC) moves with sediments along the fluvial system is crucial to determining catchment scale carbon budgets and helps the proper management of fragile ecosystems. Especially challenging is the analysis of OC dynamics during fluvial transport in heterogeneous, fragile, and disturbed environments with ephemeral and intense hydrological pulses, typical of Mediterranean...
Soils have a substantial role in the environment because they provide several ecosystem services such as food supply or carbon storage. Agricultural practices can modify soil properties and soil evolution processes, hence threatening these services. These modifications are poorly studied, and the resilience/adaptation times of soils to disruptions are unknown. Here, we study the evolution of pedogenetic...
Clay mineralogy of the fluvial plains reflects the complexity of geological setting, material weathering and transport. Clay minerals produced in the weathering process are closely associated with the parent rock and serve as an indicator of the material sources. Soil clay mineralogy of South African river valleys is insufficiently studied and this research can make a meaningful contribution towards...
The effect of antecedent soil moisture content on runoff and soil erosion was investigated in many previous studies. These studies revealed contradictory findings. The present study investigated the combined effect of raindrop temperatures and antecedent soil moisture on interrill flow generation and erosion of a loamy soil (Loess), using a rotating disk rain simulator. The experiments were applied...
On farmland in undulating landscapes, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks depend on landscape position. In the North American Prairie Pothole region, we compared a native prairie reference site with a nearby farm undergoing transition to perennial agriculture (“restoration”) after a century of producing annual crops. We quantified legacy effects of farming at four upland landscape positions (to 0.9-m...
This paper portrays the application of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) to elicit expert views on current condition and future scenario of coastal susceptibility to erosion in Bangladesh. The geomorphological characteristic of the coastal area is highly dynamic where land erosion and accretion with different rates are constant phenomena. This research focuses on three coastal zones: western, central and...
In this paper, we examine the effect of vegetation on soil erosion, runoff generation and sediment transport on saline rangeland hillslopes. Rainfall simulations were conducted at a fixed 114 mm/h intensity on 6 m × 2 m erosion plots with varying degrees of vegetation. Plots were grouped into three categories (L, M and H) based on their canopy cover (L: <5%, M: 5–19%, H: >19%) and selected to...
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