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In this work we analyze the temporal stability of soil moisture at the field and watershed scales in the Little Washita River Experimental Watershed (LWREW), as part of the remote sensing Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign (CLASIC07) during June 2007 in south-central Oklahoma. Temporal stability of surface and profile soil moisture data were investigated for 20 LWREW soil moisture measurement...
During the excavations of the site of Rue de Dinant in the historic centre of Brussels (Belgium), remains of the first city wall dating from the 13th century have been discovered. Intra muros thick dark sediment units predating this wall are observed. These dark units are among the oldest occupation traces so far encountered in this higher, eastern, part of the historic centre of Brussels. In order...
Silbury Hill, near Marlborough, Wiltshire, UK, is one of the largest prehistoric mounds in Europe, characterised by uncertain structure and unusual burial conditions. Internal collapses occurred in autumn 2000 as a result of the incomplete refilling of tunnels dug in the last few centuries. Planning for the repairs has provided an opportunity to examine samples from recent exploratory boreholes and...
Bir Sahara, situated in northeast Africa, contains a set of sedimentary sequences that imply episodic changes in climate and environment during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. Some of the stratigraphic contexts are associated with Middle Paleolithic artifact assemblages. The artifact assemblages are typically in sands that underlie deposits composed of high amounts of carbonate or fine clastics (muds)...
Pollen analysis was combined with radiocarbon dating, physical, chemical and biological soil analyses and soil micromorphology, to investigate the prehistoric land use at Orstad, in Jæren, southwestern Norway.Orstad is an Early Bronze Age clearance cairn field in a cultural landscape with traces of land use back to the Neolithic. Samples were mainly collected from an 84 m long excavated trench with...
As time passes, phosphorus (P) in soils tends to become more tightly bound with minerals. Phosphate fractionation enables the measurement of loosely versus tightly bound P. Archaeologists have used P fractionation as a chronometric technique: older soils should have greater proportions of P tightly bound with minerals. Research at Chunchucmil, a large Maya ruin in Yucatan, Mexico, has used extractable...
Recent geoarchaeological investigations of the valley systems to the north and northeast of Aksum have revealed indications of a relatively recent alluvial sequence, probably within the last millennium. The implication is that both during and prior to the Aksumite Period, there was considerable landscape stability and resilience. This is reflected in the development of soils with vertic-like properties,...
The lower Ica Valley on the hyperarid south coast of Peru is today largely depopulated and bereft of cultivation. Yet its extensive archaeological remains attest to substantial pre-Hispanic populations. We provide a case-study of Pre-Hispanic culturally induced environmental change through combining field archaeological and geomorphological survey with archaeobotanical, sedimentary and soil micromorphology...
Research into the origins and subsequent development of the first American cultures (“Paleoindians”), in particular the timing and place of their arrival, has provoked heated, contentious debates in North American archaeology since the 19th century. Many of the questions in this archaeological puzzle are fundamentally geological and thus many of the answers have come from the geosciences, including...
This paper presents direct evidence in the form of a triangular cross-section channel (1 m in width and 0.24 m in depth), for Late Neolithic artificial water management on the Tehran Plain, which may represent the earliest example of artificial water management in Iran. The antiquity of this channel is supported by dating directly above and below by C 14 , associated ceramic sherds and correlation...
In the Swifterbant area in The Netherlands, a complete Neolithic landscape is preserved, buried in a wetland environment. A dozen sites (dating from ca. 4300–4000 cal. BC) on levees of a former creek system are characterized by a black layer containing large amounts of carbonized plant remains, burnt bone, flint and pottery. These sites are usually interpreted as occupation sites with accumulated...
As part of the Early Farming in Dalmatia Project, an interdisciplinary effort toward understanding the origins of European agriculture, we are performing a site-specific geoarchaeological study of the Middle Neolithic Danilo Bitinj site and the Early and Middle Neolithic Pokrovnik site. Here we present the soil description and analysis for Danilo Bitinj. The site, farmed for at least 7000 years, is...
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