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This paper reports a new methodology for assessing regional and national patterns of hillslope scale soil erosion rates in the UK using a MIR (minimum information requirement) version of WEPP (Water Erosion Prediction Project) known as MIRSED. WEPP is parameterised using a national coverage, environmental database containing topographic, soil, land management and climate variables for all hillslopes...
In contrast to the effort during the last decades to investigate sheet (interrill) and rill soil erosion processes, relatively few studies have been focused on quantifying and/or predicting gully erosion. The extension of the use of modern spatial information technologies, such as geographical information systems (GIS), digital elevation modelling (DEM) and remote sensing, have created new possibilities...
This paper examines recent land use changes in the Mediterranean mountain setting of the Diois region of the Southern French Prealps, which has undergone considerable change related to evolution of the agro-sylvo-pastoral system and the decline of agriculture since the beginning of the 19th century. The aim was to describe the evolution of land use and the influence of environmental factors on it...
This paper presents a model to integrate windbreak shelter effects into a Geographic Information System (GIS). The GIS procedure incorporates the 1999 version windbreak sub-model of the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS). Windbreak shelter is modeled in terms of friction velocity reduction, which is a function of wind speed and direction, distance from the barrier, windbreak height, porosity, width,...
The effects of human activities on suspended sediment concentration (SSC) during the late 20th century were examined at 57 sites along major rivers in central Japan using governmental data and GIS. Analysis of the relationships between mean SSC and catchment properties, such as land use, has revealed that patterns in suspended sediment concentrations in these rivers are primarily linked to agricultural...
The relationships between the spatial distribution of ground-cover and terrain attributes were examined in the Tabernas badlands (SE Spain) in order to understand the terrain-dependent driving forces of the spatially heterogeneous ground cover. Ground cover was mapped in the field and terrain attributes were derived from a 1-m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The association of spatial distribution...
Rainfall erosivity is the potential ability for rainfall to cause soil loss. Erosivity can be quantified by means of the R factor calculation of the universal soil loss equation (USLE). The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of annual rainfall erosivity in Brazil. For each of eight Brazilian regions covering the whole of the territory of Brazil, one adapted equation...
Historical land use changes may have significant impact on erosion and agricultural soil properties, including soil degradation by acidification, nutrient leaching and organic matter depletion. The Kali Basin study area, a small catchment of high landscape value located in a national park at Lake Balaton, Hungary, with its historical agricultural records, together with the available unique historical...
Forest fires can have significant effects on the hydrological response of catchments, resulting in many cases in severe land degradation, flooding and soil erosion. These post-fire hazards often cause extensive damage to public and private property and urban infrastructure, thus carefully planned and designed mitigation activities are required for reducing their magnitude. This study presents a method...
Starting in the 1980's, the Rainbow Smelt (Osmerus mordax) population of the Boyer River (Canada) gradually declined due to water eutrophication and excessive siltation in the spawning area. Sediments and agricultural nutrients reach hydrosystems through runoff and soil erosion. The objectives of the study were to quantify the soil and sediment loss from agricultural fields and to identify the areas...
The Ardesen area is prone to landslides because of the climate conditions, geologic, and geomorphologic characteristics of the region. As in previous years, in 2001 due to heavy rainfall there were many landslides resulting in damage and human casualties. There is still a great danger of further landslides in the region. Therefore, it is vitally important to prepare a landslide susceptibility map...
The presence and condition of roadways control the utilization of natural resources, which are associated with direct and indirect impacts on soil erosion in undeveloped countries. This paper addresses the relationship between soil erosion and distance to roadways in Xingguo County, an undeveloped area in Jiangxi Province of South China, for four time periods, 1958, 1975, 1982, and 2000. Soil erosion...
Three geomorphological models, based on linear reservoirs cascade, are developed; two of the models are unit hydrograph (UH) models and one contains a non-linear routing approach. In the first UH model, each sub-basin is represented as a cascade of equal linear reservoirs (Nash's model) which directly discharges to the watershed outlet through a linear channel. In the second UH model each sub-basin...
The main objectives of this study were to model the relationship between WRB-1998 soil groups and terrain attributes and predict the spatial distribution of the soil groups using digital terrain analysis and multinomial logistic regression integrated in GIS in the Vestfold County of south-eastern Norway. A digital elevation model of 25 meter grid resolution was used to derive fifteen terrain attributes...
Mapping and assessment of erosion risk is an important tool for planning of natural resources management, allowing researchers to modify land-use properly and implement management strategies more sustainable in the long-term. The Grande River Basin (GRB), located in Minas Gerais State, is one of the Planning Units for Management of Water Resources (UPGRH) and is divided into seven smaller units of...
Conservation prioritization is an important consideration for planning of natural resources management, allowing decison makers to implement management strategies that are more sustainable in the long-term. However, only a current erosion status or a relative index cannot exactly identify priority area for conservation. The objective of this paper is to identify conservation priorities by a specific...
Drought is a lack of moisture in nature, consistent or unnatural. The term consistent refers to a state of shortage, and unnatural refers to the deviation from an index of the regional natural condition. The objective of this research was to examine and forecast the intensity, duration, frequency and extent of droughts in Fars province. For this purpose, and in order to survey droughts in the province,...
Over the last few decades, many researchers have produced landslide susceptibility maps using different techniques including the probability method (frequency ratio), the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), bivariate, multivariate, logistics regression, fuzzy logic and artificial neural network In addition, a number of parameters such as lithology, slope, aspect, land cover, elevation, distance to...
Detecting soil degradation and recognizing its various types is a necessity to take the practical measures for combating it as well as conserving and keeping the agricultural soil healthy.The present study aims at monitoring soil degradation process within the last four decades in the middle part of Nile Delta. To fulfill this objective, Landsat ETM images and digital elevation model (DEM) are used...
The main objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the results of evidential belief functions and fuzzy logic models for spatial prediction of landslide hazards in the Hoa Binh province of Vietnam, using geographic information systems. First, a landslide inventory map showing the locations of 118 landslides that have occurred during the last ten years was constructed using data from various...
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