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Much research has been undertaken that seeks to understand the crop productivity response to soil erosion. Reported effects appear to be inconsistent with respect to both the magnitude of the response and shape of the response curve. This study was conducted to examine whether general patterns emerge when the results of experimental studies on soil loss are combined and compared.Results from a number...
The clayey Ultisols in low hilly area in southeastern China were called for agricultural reclamation to meet the increasing food demand. However, little attention was given to soil erosion during land use planning due to lack of information on the amount of soil erosion and how to restore the severely eroded bare soils. The objectives were to estimate the long-term influences of reforestation on soil...
Over the past years the Caesium-137 ( 137 Cs) technique has been successfully applied in numerous environments all over the world. This technique is using the worldwide distribution of the anthropogenic 137 Cs radionuclide and its redistribution associated with soil particles as an effective estimation of net soil-loss rates. In contrast to numerous studies on deep,...
Scrubland communities are the most common plant communities in eroded areas with Mediterranean climate. These protect the soil in different ways including the interception of raindrops (which lowers their erosive capacity) and the provision of organic carbon (necessary for the formation of organomineral aggregates). Vegetation were analysed and rainfall simulations performed in 29 natural plots in...
The generation of surface runoff and transport of sediment were studied on unpaved forest roads in the Iberian Range (Spain). To this end, a mobile rainfall simulator was used so that information could be compared. Twenty-eight rainfall simulations were carried out on the cutslope (12), sidecast fill (6) and roadbed (10). Under low soil moisture conditions, cutslopes had runoff coefficients of 58%,...
Concentrations in the soil of anthropogenic and natural radionuclides have been investigated in order to assess the applicability of the 137 Cs technique in an area of typical Mediterranean steep slopes. This technique can be used to estimate net soil redistribution rates but its potential in areas with shallow and stony soils on hard rock lithology have not been evaluated so far...
Land degradation is a crucial issue in mountainous areas and is manifested in a variety of processes. For its assessment, application of existing models is not straightforward. In addition, data availability might be a problem. In this paper, a procedure for land degradation assessment is described, which follows a four-step approach: (1) detection, inventory and mapping of land degradation features,...
Parent materials greatly influence soil development and the distribution of soils on the southeastern US Coastal Plain. We examined the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of 11 pedons in a 1-ha plot on the Upper Coastal Plain of Georgia, USA. Uniformity of parent materials was assessed by sand grain size characteristics. The soils have sandy epipedons of variable thickness and argillic...
Hummocky ground is a conspicuous feature of some cultivated pastures in the mountain forests of the Alps. In the German scientific literature, this pit and mound microrelief is termed ''Buckelwiese'' (literally: ''hummocky meadow'') and is commonly interpreted as a fossil, Late Glacial relief of cryogenic origin. This paper suggests an alternative hypothesis, namely that relief formation was initiated...
Interrill erodibility summarizes the resistance of soil to rainsplash, sheetwash and rainflow erosion and incorporates changes in infiltration, roughness and resistance to detachment and transportation. Resistance to interrill erosion varies during storms, reflecting the effect of wetting, sealing, crusting, and erosion on surface conditions. Significant changes in soil conditions also occur as a...
Prior research has highlighted the potential for using soil magnetism as a rapid estimator of total cumulative soil loss on cultivated land. In this study, the influences of particle size, choice of magnetic measurement and initial conditions on a proposed model linking surface soil magnetism and soil loss are described and evaluated. Output model curves are generated for several parameter sets corresponding...
Coastal wetlands have the potential to accumulate C at high rates over long time periods because they continuously accrete and bury organic-rich sediments, giving soils in coastal wetlands a distinct advantage over many other environments in the sequestration of organic C. Given that coastal wetlands are being lost worldwide, it is important to understand their C sequestration potential. Sediments...
The description of a downslope soil particle flow is usually assumed to be uniform. Nevertheless, the presence of obstacles like stones, rock outcrops or plants hinders the uniformity of the flow. Culling, in 1983, proposed an analytical solution for the advective-dispersive flow of soil particles around circular and elliptical cross section obstacles. In this paper, the Culling solution is extended...
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