Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce is an important herbal plant as mentioned in ancient literature. It is used traditionally for treatment of various ailments like leprosy, dysentery, asthma, leucoderma, dyspepsia and earache etc. Various phytoconstituents like tannins (gallic acid), steroids (Stigmasterol, campesterol, sitosterol etc), Flavone derivatives (Prosogerin A, B, C, D, and E), alkaloids (Spicigerine, Prosophylline) etc has been isolated from the plant. Pharmacological activities like analgesic, antipyretic, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, antihypercholesterolemic, antitumor, nootropic have been reported from different plant extracts. The present paper deals with review of phytoconstituents and pharmacological action of plant P. cineraria.