Fire safety as well as the other safety factors is the most important component of people living. In dependence on different factors (social and economical, sociological) the concrete stragegy and losses structure for fire safety is forming. The strategy may be realized only in the conditions of scientific management of functioning of fire safety system (SOPB). Besides the economical approach to the analysis of fire safety system it should be considered also as a social institution. The solution of fire safety problem is concluded to be dependent on the state of all field of public progress. The external effect of SOPB as a social institution lies in realization of the main target function, that is a high level of national fire safety.