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[NiFe]-hydrogenase accessory proteins HypC and HypD form a complex that binds a Fe–(CN) 2 CO moiety and CO 2 . In this study two HypC homologues from Escherichia coli were purified under strictly anaerobic conditions and both contained sub-stoichiometric amounts of iron (approx. 0.3molFe/mol HypC). Infrared spectroscopic analysis identified a signature at 2337cm −1 indicating bound CO 2 . Aerobically isolated HypC lacked both Fe and CO 2 . Exchange of either of the highly conserved amino acid residues Cys2 or His51 abolished both Fe- and CO 2 -binding. Our results suggest that HypC delivers CO 2 bound directly to Fe for reduction to CO by HypD.HypC and HypC bind by comigration in sds page (View interaction)HybG and HybG bind by comigration in sds page (View interaction)