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Background: Gene 3 protein (g3p), a minor coat protein from bacteriophage fd mediates infection of Escherichia coli bearing an F-pilus. Its N-terminal domain (g3p-D1) is essential for infection and mediates penetration of the phage into the host cytoplasm presumbly through interaction with the Tol complex in the E. coli membranes. Structural knowledge of g3p-D1 is both important for a molecular understanding...
Background: Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion and migration events in a range of important physiological processes. Aberrant adhesion of cells to the matrix may contribute to the breakdown of normal tissue function associated with various diseases. The adhesive properties of fibronectin may be mediated by its interaction with collagen, the most abundant...
Background: Research on high-alkaline proteases, such as serine protease PB92, has been largely inspired by their industrial application as protein-degrading components of washing powders. Serine protease PB92 is a member of the subtilase family of enzymes, which has been extensively studied. These studies have included exhaustive protein engineering investigations and X-ray crystallography, in order...
Background: Solvated metal ions are critical for the proper folding and function of RNA. Despite the importance of these ions, the details of specific metal ion-RNA interactions are poorly understood. The crystal structure of a group I intron ribozyme domain characterized several metal-binding sites in the RNA with osmium (III) hexammine bound in the major groove. A corresponding method for locating...
Background: Carbohydrate-binding domains are usually small and physically separate from the catalytic domains of hydrolytic enzymes. Glucoamylase 1 (G1) from Aspergillus niger, an enzyme used widely in the food and brewing industries, contains a granular starch binding domain (SBD) which is separated from the catalytic domain by a semi-rigid linker. The aim of this study was to determine how the SBD...
Background: Eukaryotic genes are usually transcribed as precursor mRNAs which are then spliced, removing introns to produce functional mRNAs. Splicing is performed by the spliceosome and provides an important level of post-translational control of gene expression. Stem loop IIa from U2 small nuclear (sn)RNA is required for the efficient association of the U2 small nuclear ribonuclear protein (snRNP)...
Background: 5S ribosomal RNA is the smallest rRNA. Its Watson-Crick helices were identified more than 20 years ago, but the conformations of its loops have long defied analysis. One of the three arms of 5S rRNA, residues 69-106 in Escherichia coli, contains a 14-residue internal loop called loop E. The sequence of loop E is conserved within kingdoms, and is terminated by a pyrimidine-rich loop called...
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