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The present study investigates the effects of acute stress (15min of swimming/day for three consecutive days) applied at the onset of the dark phase, just before the usual feeding time, on energy intake and more specifically on macronutrient selection, in male and female Wistar rats. The influence of stress regarding corticosterone and insulin kinetics was also examined.In the two experiments (1:...
This paper aimed to investigate which parents use which types of parenting control practices to manage their children's diets and to assess the impact of these practices on children's dietary patterns and their BMI. A cross-sectional survey of 518 parents with children aged 4–7 years was carried out in 18 primary schools across the South of England. Measures included aspects of parental control practices...
Caregiver responsiveness to infant hunger and fullness cues is thought to play a role in the development of overweight during infancy, but this aspect of infant feeding has received little study. This research used a qualitative approach to understand aspects of feeding responsiveness involving maternal perception and interpretation of infant feeding cues by asking mothers about factors they used...
Nausea and vomiting are important as biological systems for drug side effects, disease co-morbidities, and defenses against food poisoning. Vomiting can serve the function of emptying a noxious chemical from the gut, and nausea appears to play a role in a conditioned response to avoid ingestion of offending substances. The sensory pathways for nausea and vomiting, such as gut and vestibular inputs,...
Main objectives of the present study were to examine (i) the accuracy of using female college students’ self-reports of weight and height in estimating rates of overweight and (ii) whether dietary restraint or Body Mass Index (BMI) was the most important predictor of weight underestimation. Participants were 209 female college students who were asked to report their weight and height on a questionnaire,...
Controlling the energy of the diet while maintaining satiety is a key strategy for weight management. One challenge for the food industry is to provide to the consumers healthy low-energy dense products, helping them to control their appetite. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single serving of a marketed low-fat dairy yoghurt, enriched in protein and selected fibre, on subjective...
To assess the influence of preferences on food and nutritional intake in a group of adolescent high-level athletes, 22 male soccer players (14–16 years) were recruited.Individuals were asked to fill in a specific questionnaire including 15 food groups that had to be ranked according to their preferences. Three categories were established: “Like” (ranked 1–5), “Indifferent” (6–10), and “Dislike” (11–15)...
Substantiation of satiety-related claims is increasingly relevant for many commercial foods, such as meal replacements for weight control. To compare meal replacements (Slim·Fast, SF) to alternatives, 24 subjects (18–60y, BMI 26±2kg/m2) consumed four equal-weight (330g) meals on separate days in a balanced-crossover design: (a) SF Optima® drink (190kcal); (b) Yoghurt (190kcal); (c) Bagel w/low-fat...
The study explored how actual resources, perceived levels of different types of resources and goal relevance of these resources affect older people's satisfaction with food-related life using a survey in eight European countries, where 3291 participants above 65 years of age and living in their own homes took part. Satisfaction with food-related life was measured using Satisfaction With Food-related...
This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel group study examined the effects of a multivitamin–mineral supplement with guaraná (Berocca Boost Performance®) on aspects of cognitive performance and self-reported mental fatigue during sustained, effortful mental processing. The acute effects of a single dose of either the vitamin/mineral/guaraná or placebo in an effervescent drink were...
Emotions experienced by healthy individuals in response to tasting or eating food were examined in two studies. In the first study, 42 participants reported the frequency with which 22 emotion types were experienced in everyday interactions with food products, and the conditions that elicited these emotions. In the second study, 124 participants reported the extent to which they experienced each emotion...
Research on food decision making is often based on the assumption that people take many different aspects into account and weight them according to their subjective importance. On the other hand, a growing body of research suggests that people's decisions can often better be described by simple heuristics—rules of thumb that make choices using only a few yet important pieces of information. To test...
The study was designed to develop and validate a self-report questionnaire on food neophobia in French children. We evaluated food neophobia in a specific cultural context, examining an age group that has hardly been studied (5- to 8-year-olds). The questionnaire items were based on methods known for changing neophobic behavior (imitation, information, flavor principle and external stimulation) in...
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether Parental Body Mass Index is associated with overweight/obesity in a sample of Greek adolescents, taking into consideration dietary and lifestyle habits. The Vyronas study is a cross-sectional health and nutrition survey. During 2004/2005, 2008 schoolchildren were selected. BMI was calculated for both parents and adolescents. A semi-quantitative Food...
In a recent research report, [Bodenlos et al. 2007. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) acutely alters food craving in adults with depression. Appetite, 48, 145–153] concluded that, in depressed patients, acute activation of a device for VNS caused a significant change in cravings specifically for sweet foods. We argue that there is no evidence for any effect on food cravings. Rather, the findings indicate...
The marketing of foods to children has been criticised by parents and academics alike and the control of such advertising is being considered by politicians. Much of the current research focuses on TV advertising. This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to printed advertisements for healthy, less healthy and non-food products on children's mood, hunger, food choice and product recall...
Increasing intake of low energy density (ED) foods in place of high ED foods has been proposed as a strategy for preventing or treating obesity. This study investigated how substituting mushrooms for beef in a test lunch affected energy intake, fat intake, palatability, appetite, satiation and satiety in normal weight, overweight and obese adults. Each subject consumed a total of eight test lunches...
The aim of this work was to test mineral preference in hydrated rats that received a pulse intracerebroventricular (icv p ) injection of ANG II at a dipsogenic dose (50ng). The icv p ANG II induced a four-fold higher ingestion of 0.15M NaHCO 3 than of other mineral solutions at palatable concentrations (0.15M NaCl, 0.05mM CaCl 2 and 0.01M KCl) in a five-bottle test...
The developmental path leading to eating disorders among adolescent girls often proceeds from increasing body size, to increasing body dissatisfaction, to increasing eating disorder (ED) risk. To determine whether body dissatisfaction (BD) mediates the association between body size and risky weight control behaviors, we examined data from White (n=709) and Native American (n=253) girls, who differ...
Pollutants in the environment as well as potential risks to human health and health policies are leading to profound changes in the food chain. Whether dietary patterns and medical interventions are accepted, depends on the cultural and territorial anchorage of the populations, their socio-cultural past as well as scientific uncertainty and modalities of objectification of social actors. Controversies,...
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