The aim of this study was to investigate the activity and the toxicity of vinorelbine (VNB) in a population of patients with locally advanced inoperable or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) including elderly patients unfit for cisplatin-based chemotherapy. VNB was administered at a dose of 25-30 mg/m 2 , intravenously, weekly until progression. Of the 83 patients who entered the study (median age 63 years, number of patients aged 70 years = 23, median performance status = 80, stage IV in 58 patients, previous chemotherapy in 15 patients), 76 were evaluable. One complete remission and 22 partial remissions were noted (30.2% reponse rate). Toxicity was mild. Median survival was 9 months. No effect of age upon outcome was detected. Thus, single agent VNB is a reasonable option for advanced NSCLC, particularly in elderly patients.