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This paper designs and robustly schedules a novel AAHP (air to air heat pump) based ICHTF (industrial continuous heat treatment furnace) which is driven by a solar Stirling engine and a wind turbine. The proposed flame-making process equipped with two inside and outside air fans, an expansion valve, compressor, condenser, and an evaporator to supply the heating demand with the high-temperature more...
Based on a household energy use survey, this paper explores the technical and economic potential of residential energy savings in a Chinese city, Xiamen. The survey adopted a similar questionnaire used by the U.S. EIA's Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), covering the end-uses of cooking, water heating, plug-in appliances, lighting and space cooling. The analysis shows that the technical...
The utilization of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) technology is increasing rapidly due to its adaptability to various low-grade heat sources. This paper examines the economic and environmental performances of different trigeneration systems integrated with ORC unit based on different low/medium-temperature heat sources. By coupling the ORC unit to combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) plant, solar...
Multiperiod heat exchanger networks (HEN) are required in plants with seasonal alterations to operating conditions. Like for single-period HEN, the synthesis of multiperiod HEN can be formulated as a mathematical programming optimization problem. However, since the network needs to feasibly perform heat integration under different process conditions, additional constraints are required and problem...
The energy used for mechanical cooling systems in buildings in hot climate is about 70%–80% of the total energy consumption. It is important to curtail this part of energy consumption by exploring new technologies. The proposed system is a building integrated photovoltaic thermoelectric (BIPVTE) wall system which combines the concept of active PV façade and solar cooling. We present a complex model...
In this article, to improve the precision, performance and robustness of an industrial boiler-turbine, two robust controllers are designed. First, a robust adaptive variable structure control scheme (RAVSC) is proposed to control a nonlinear multi-inputs multi-outputs (MIMO) model of an industrial boiler-turbine unit, in the presence of significant uncertainties and external disturbances. To guarantee...
The pre-determined city bus routes and the availability of partial-trip information obtained through vehicular connectivity provides new opportunities for plug-in vehicles to plan electric energy reasonably. This paper presents a data-driven hierarchical control method for online energy management of plug-in hybrid electric city buses, which can learn from globally optimal solutions based on historical...
Thin, lightweight, stackable, solid-state supercapacitors are in great demand in the electronics industry because of their use in miniaturized devices. Herein, we report a simple and novel strategy to fabricate ultra-thin, lightweight, and stackable symmetric supercapacitors using MnO2-incorporated carbon nanotube (CNT)-web paper. SEM and TEM analyses revealed a uniform nanometer-scale coating of...
This paper treats an experimental and modeling study to predict the electrochemical performance of a Ni/YSZ supported planar SOFC with the air electrode made by LSFC-GDC. A complete electrochemical model is developed and calibrated on experiments to validate the numerical data. A detailed description is presented to show how the electrochemical parameters are fitted, the validity of proposed model...
This work, performed in the context of Gaya project, focuses on the characterization and modelling of the effect of the pyrolysis heating rate on the steam gasification of char from woodchips. An experimental work was performed based on thermogravimetry and solid characterization of char samples prepared under different conditions. The results showed that gasification apparent reactivity increased...
A quasi-dynamic TRNSYS simulation model for a solar collector field with flat plate collectors and parabolic trough collectors in series was described and validated. A simplified method was implemented in TRNSYS in order to carry out long-term energy production analyses of the whole solar heating plant. The advantages of the model include faster computation with fewer resources, flexibility of different...
Polymer electrolyte membranes based on organic – inorganic nanocomposites consisting of chitosan and silica supported silicotungstic acid (IHPA) are developed using simple solution casting technique. Compared to pristine chitosan membranes, IHPA incorporated membranes exhibit higher thermal, mechanical, oxidative stabilities and better membrane selectivity due to the strong electrostatic interaction...
Non-condensable gases (NCGs) are inevitable in organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system, and they have adverse impacts. A small-scale ORC test platform using scroll expander and R123 was constructed to investigate the NCGs effect. The expander backpressure (i.e. condenser outlet pressure) and electricity output were examined on different conditions of NCGs mass fraction (xNCG), hot side temperature (Th)...
Although, the horizontal thermally stratified storage tanks (TSST) are nowadays the most popular, especially in the domestic solar water heaters, most of the literature is oriented towards the vertical tanks. Recently, a smart adaptive model for TSST was proposed, where the grid segments size and location changes automatically according the different variations in the tank. It showed good agreement...
This study investigates a novel supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle with a bleeding anabranch used in coal-fired power plants. For the proper utilization of the medium-low temperature heat in the boiler, the coupling between the air-preheater and the cycle is concentrated. After analyzing the distribution of heat duty in the boiler, the flow diagram of the Brayton cycle is design. Subsequently,...
Commercial buildings are large energy consumers and opportunities exist to improve the way they produce and consume electricity, heating and cooling. If energy system integration is feasible, this can lead to significant reductions in energy consumption and emissions. In this context, this work expands on an existing integrated Technology Selection and Operation (TSO) optimisation model for distributed...
Energy efficiency evaluation of heat exchangers are crucial for energy saving in industrial applications. Currently, no energy efficiency evaluation is appropriate for the grading of energy efficiency of heat exchangers. In this paper, an energy efficiency index (EEI) is proposed to evaluate the energy efficiency of single-phase flow and heat transfer of plate heat exchangers. EEI is defined by k/∇p...
The production of gas via bio-oil gasification, which would act as a bridge between bio-oil and transportation fuels, has been increasingly concerned. Bio-oil gasification was performed by using air - steam as gasifying agents. The effects of two important influential factors (steam to bio-oil ratio and gasifier temperature) on the quality of the product gas (gas composition, H2: CO, CO: CO2, tar...
Recently the expansion of urban-rural income inequality and the rapid growth of fossil-energy consumption have become two significant challenges China should address to achieve its ambitious goals. For the first time, this study uses the Chinese provincial panel data during the period of 1996–2013 to perform a quantitative analysis on the relationship between the urban-rural income gap and the per...
In this work, the optimal design of a hybrid electric power generation system for isolated zones, using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique, is presented. A study is carried out taking as case of study, the city of Cujubim, in the state of Rondônia-Brazil, consisting of photovoltaic panels, a diesel generator, batteries and an organic Rankine Cycle, which is used for the heat recovery of the...
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