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To mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, coal-fired electricity infrastructure needs to be replaced by low-carbon electricity generation options. Here we examine a range of possible alternative scenarios for sustainable electricity generation in South Korea, considering both physical and economic limits of current technologies. The results show that South Korea cannot achieve a 100% renewable energy...
In the present study the occurrence of volatile organic silicon compounds in biogas produced from grass silage, grass and maize in laboratory batch assays was analyzed and methane potentials were determined. Inoculum from a mesophilic farm digester was used, and its effects were subtracted. Methane yields from grass silage, grass and maize were 0.38, 0.42 and 0.34 m 3 CH 4 /kg – volatile...
Dynamic analysis of HES (hybrid energy systems) under flexible operation and variable renewable generation is considered in this two-part communication to better understand various challenges and opportunities associated with the high system variability arising from the integration of renewable energy into the power grid. Advanced HES solutions are investigated in which multiple forms of energy commodities,...
A hybrid energy system comprising the diesel generator (DG), photovoltaic (PV) panels, and battery bank is well suited for installation as a decentralized power generation system for the electrification of remote rural households in the developing countries. This paper proposes a new methodology for the components sizing of hybrid energy system based on the optimization of the power dispatch simulations...
Over 40% of the total energy consumed in Europe is used for the generation of heat for either domestic or industrial purposes. Meanwhile, the demand for cooling is steadily increasing in all European Member State. In this context, it is essential to identify the heating and cooling demand in the economic sectors. The objective of this study is to propose a methodology to estimate the European heating...
Many countries are pursuing greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies resulting in the increase of use of renewable sources in the electricity sector to mitigate CO 2 emissions. Nuclear energy is a non-emitting CO 2 source that could be used as part of that policy. However, its main drawback is the high investment required for its deployment. On the other hand, wind power is the clean...
The paper presents economic analysis of a 1.2 MW capacity grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plant installed at the Colorado State University-Pueblo, in December 2008. The project was commissioned by a regional utility company as per the renewable energy portfolio standards guidelines of the state. The system is installed on the customer's property funded by a third party investor. The investor...
In November 2008, gas hydrate samples were recovered during the scientific gas hydrate drilling project conducted in the Qilian Mountain permafrost located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. This region is expected to become a strategic gas hydrate exploitation area in China. Based on the gas hydrate characteristics at the DK-3 drilling site located in this region, we used using Tough + Hydrate...
In this study, n-butanol (port fuel injection) PFI was investigated in a direct injection compression ignition engine while at idling speeds, and loads, 1–3 bar IMEP (indicated mean effective pressure) in order to determine the effects on combustion, efficiency, emissions, and specifically, a modified tradeoff of soot and nitrogen oxides. As a result, the engine entered into (low-temperature combustion)...
The objective of this study is to calculate the efficiency of exergy in Germencik Geothermal Power Plant, which has a power output of 47.4 MWe. As being the largest one in Turkey, this plant is operated by double-flash system which is based on the method of analysis of energy and exergy to evaluate its performance. The exergy analysis has been applied to the whole plant considering the first and the...
This work presents the application of a surrogate model – a response surface – to replace the objective function to be minimized in the thermoeconomic optimization of a complex thermal system modeled with the aid of an expert process simulator. The objective function accounts for fuel, capital, operation and maintenance costs of the thermal system, and depends on nine decision variables. The minimization...
Pyrolysis experiments of blue-green algae blooms (BGAB) were carried out in a fixed-bed reactor to determine the effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size and sweep gas flow rate on pyrolysis product yields and bio-oil properties. The pyrolysis temperature, particle size and sweep gas flow rate were varied in the ranges of 300–700 °C, below 0.25–2.5 mm and 50–400 mL min −1 , respectively...
The objective of this paper is to identify the factors that contribute to the change in rural residential commercial energy consumption in China by utilizing the LMDI (Log Mean Divisia Index) method. Then the decoupling index is developed based on those factors to evaluate the progress in decoupling energy consumption from per capita annual net income of rural households. The results show that: (1)...
Thermoelectric devices can provide clean energy conversion and are environmentally friendly. However, few studies have been conducted to understand the dynamic characteristics of (thermoelectric generators) TEGs. The stability of output performance plays a very important role in TEG. Based on the thermoelectric effect and heat transfer theory, a dynamic model for waste heat recovery in a general TEG...
The object of this study was to evaluate the energy performance of an indirect and direct evaporative cooler assisted 100% outdoor air system (IDECOAS), of which a pilot unit was installed in a campus building, during its actual operation in cooling and intermediate seasons. A conventional variable air volume (VAV) system was also installed for comparison with the proposed system. The IDECOAS operated...
This research analyzed how hotel's marketing preference for certain guests from different world regions would influence their energy consumption and the revenue generated by them who travel and lodge in Taiwan. Energy consumption data, building information, and hotel operation data were collected from 49 Taiwanese international tourist hotels and 24 standard tourist hotels, which are equivalent to...
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