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The paper presents an innovative and advanced MCC (mixture controlled combustion). The MCC model is coupled to the innovative mechanistically based 0D spray model presented in a companion paper [1] that provides inputs on fuel mass distribution. Advanced MCC model is embedded into a 2-zone combustion modeling framework. Advanced MCC predicts ROHR (Rate-Of-Heat-Release) as the combination of the premixed...
In this study, port premixed methanol compression ignition combustion was performed on a heavy-duty diesel engine. The effects of methanol to diesel ratio (RMD) and DIT (diesel injection timing) on combustion, performance and emissions were comprehensively investigated. The experimental results demonstrated that RMD and DIT played important roles in combustion and emission control. With the increasing...
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is one of the major technical measures used on diesel engines to restrain NOx emission. Intake oxygen concentration has been proved to be the more substantial parameter to control NOx than EGR rate. However, the mechanism is hard to be utilized due to the difficulty of acquiring the real-time intake oxygen concentration. In the present study, a novel lambda-based intake...
The performance of partially premixed combustion (PPC) relies heavily on the proper mixing between the fuel and the in–cylinder gas. In this paper, two injection strategies, including single and multiple injection, were investigated to achieve PPC in a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine, and were evaluated in terms of heat release rate, combustion phase, emissions and thermal efficiencies. The...
The rule of thumb in literature is that 20% of biodiesel is the most acceptable blend ratio in alternative fuel blends. This work focuses on in-depth mathematical optimization analyses of ternary blends of diesel–butanol–vegetable oil (cotton oil), based on engine operating parameters using RSM (response surface methodology). It is critical to achieve the maximum power and torque for customers while...
PODEn (polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers) stand for the mixtures of ethers with the chemical formula CH3O(CH2O)nCH3, which have high cetane number and nearly 50% oxygen content. Gasoline/Diesel (GD) blends reduce the soot emissions of diesel engines with the penalty of combustion efficiency. In order to reduce emissions and improve thermal efficiency of diesel engines, blends of GDP (gasoline/diesel/PODEn)...
Neat CNSO (cashew nut shell oil) otherwise called as Neat CNSL (cashew nut shell liquid) is capable of running the engine but possesses high viscosity and density. This drawback can be overcome by reducing its viscosity. This can be done by blending with secondary fuels and transesterification of CNSO as well. CNSO was separately blended with oxygenates (diethyl ether and dimethyl carbonate), alcohols...
This paper presents effect of fuel spray angles such as narrow (60°) and conventional (156°) spray angles on spray behavior, combustion and emissions characteristics. To achieve research objectives, fuel spray images measured using a visualization system and two injectors at spray angles of 60° and 156° were analyzed for spray tip penetration and spray development processes as a function of injection...
With urging needs to decrease the fuel consumption and environment pollution, energy saving and emission reduction technologies in the ICE (internal combustion engine) industry are developed. A thermal OS/ORC (Oil Storage/Organic Rankine Cycle) system was constructed and preliminarily tested for WHR (Waste Heat Recovery) from exhaust gas of a 240 kW diesel engine. The heat balance test of diesel engine...
A filtration model for wall-flow particulate filters based on the theory of packed beds of spherical particles is presented to diagnose the combined response of filtration efficiency and pressure drop from a reliable computation of the flow field and the porous media properties. The model takes as main assumption the experimentally well-known low soot penetration thickness inside the porous wall....
The paper presents an innovative mechanistically based spray model intended for use in mixture-controlled-combustion models. The primary objective of the spray model is to predict masses of fuel within selected limits of excess air ratios during and after the end of injection. The model is based on a 0D non-vaporizing and non-reacting modelling framework to ensure short computational times. These...
The aim of this study is to investigate the economic performance of the waste heat recovery (WHR) system for a marine diesel engine. Four waste heat sources, which are exhaust gas, cylinder cooling water, scavenge air cooling water and lubricating oil of a marine diesel engine, are first applied to drive the transcritical Rankine cycle (TRC). R1234yf, R1234ze, R134a, R152a, R236fa and R290 are employed...
This paper describes the optimization of operating conditions of a direct injection diesel engine by the response surface method targeting the first and second law efficiencies and a merit function accounting for emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that entropy generation minimization (EGM) is considered as one of the objectives of 3D CFD optimization of internal combustion...
The authors developed and tested a split injection strategy in a double swirl combustion system (DSCS). Different split injection strategies with different ratios of pilot injection fuel to total fuel mass (herein defined as “pilot injection/fuel mass ratios”) and dwell times were compared with an optimized single injection strategy in terms of the break specific fuel consumption (BSFC). The in-cylinder...
This paper describes the quasi-dimensional numerical model for direct injection diesel engine, implemented in previously developed 0D model. The presented model uses a direct solution of equations for cylinder pressure and zone temperatures. A process of control volumes agglomeration from a set of the small fuel spray packages (control volumes) into one of the large ones is presented in details. This...
This research paper aims at investigating the performance, emission and combustion characters of diesel engine with 20% volume concentrations of animal fat based biodiesel (AFO20), waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCO20), camphor oil (CMO20) and also including pure diesel fuel (D100). The peak cylinder pressure and heat release rate of biodiesel was about 4.82% higher and 13.49% lower than those of diesel...
In this study, the effect of tri fuel (ULSD, H2, and CH4) operation under real exhaust gas conditions with different gaseous fuel compositions on the combustion characteristics, engine emissions, and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) after treatment was examined at low, medium, and high engine loads. Pt/Al2O3-SCR reactor was used and operated at different exhaust gas temperatures. Results revealed...
Diminishing fuel resources and stringent emission mandates have demanded cleaner combustion and increased fuel efficiency. Three water addition rates, i.e., 2, 4, and 6 wt% in biodiesel-diesel blend (B5) was investigated herein. Combustion characteristics of the emulsified fuel blends were compared in a naturally-aspirated diesel engine at full load and different engine speeds. More specifically,...
In this study, Waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel with Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and n-butanol additive was used in a diesel engine and its effects on engine performance and exhaust emissions were studied. The biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil by transesterification process, Methanol, sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) catalyst were used in the reaction. Engine performance...
High percentages of biodiesel blends or neat biodiesel cannot be used in diesel engines due to high density and viscosity, and poor atomization properties that lead to some engine operational problems. Biodiesel was produced from canola oil by transesterification process. Test fuels were prepared by blending 80% of the biodiesel with 20% of kerosene (B80&K20) and 80% of the biodiesel with 10%...
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