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It has been estimated that the world's consumption of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) will increase significantly over the next 20 years, thus making exergy recovery from the regasification process a fundamental issue. When LNG is regasified in order to distribute the fuel through a pipeline network, a large amount of exergy is released.Three combined cycle schemes for energy generation have been analysed...
Coupling water desalination processes with Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) can be a sustainable and ecological approach to the global water/energy supply crisis. In this regard, small-scale standalone battery-less Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) desalination system powered by a hybrid PV/Wind RES is expected to meet freshwater demand of a small isolated community. One particularity of the proposed...
In view of the excellent performance of the supersonic separator for natural gas dehydration, a new type of natural gas liquefaction process using the Laval nozzle is proposed in this paper. Theoretical and numerical studies of the supersonic flow and liquefaction process of the methane-ethane binary system in this nozzle are carried out. The effects of the inlet temperature, inlet pressure, back...
In this study, a series of reversible thermochromic microencapsulated phase change materials (TC-MPCMs), exhibiting excellent thermal energy storage performance, were designed and fabricated successfully. The core of TC-MPCMs was comprised of crystal violet lactone employed as thermochromic colorant, bisphenol A as developer and 1-tetradecanol as co-solvent, respectively. The effects of shell materials...
The efficiency of district heating systems is greatly affected by network supply and return temperatures. However, the opportunities to lower the temperatures and thereby increase network efficiency are restricted by customer installations. Very little is known about the customer installations, because heating system operation is only rarely monitored in detail. In this study, we therefore investigated...
Recent studies suggest that the supplementation of powdered Fe° generates a positive effect on anaerobic fermentation processes but the exact relationship between metals with biological systems has not been fully elucidated. Experimental tests on dark fermentation (DF) were carried out at different Fe° concentrations. The anaerobic corrosion (AC) of Fe° and the production of H2 through DF of Organic...
Boiler in thermal-power-plant plays important role in generation of power. Conventional subcritical-boilers use single-loop controls which are less efficient. An effective control of temperature and pressure of boiler is necessary to enable safe power generation. This article discusses application of three different multivariable-control strategies, namely, PID (Proportional-Integral- Derivative),...
A novel multi-generation integrated energy system is presented in this paper, consisting of a gas-steam combined cycle, four-step thermochemical copper-chlorine (CuCl) cycle, proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit. Effective thermal management of waste heat is recognized as a key objective in the steel industry. Hydrogen, electricity, fresh water and...
For the purposes of lowering environmental emission and total cost, energy efficient combined cooling, heat, and power (CCHP) units can be integrated with conventional separate cooling, heat, and power production units to meet demands. The goal of this study is to develop and examine a heuristic and deterministic optimization algorithm for solving the unit commitment problem for integrated CCHP-thermal-heat...
Human activities have led to increase in carbon dioxide emissions, and carbon tax is one of the main policy tools for reducing global emissions. This paper constructs nine scenarios considering different carbon tax rates and the different taxable industries to analyze the impact of Carbon Tax System (CTS) on energy, environment and the economy. We find that the negative impact of CTS on GDP is acceptable,...
Supercapacitors can provide a high specific power and long cycle life but suffer a significant self-discharge limiting their application as a stand-alone energy storage device. A new hybrid supercapacitor with incorporated galvanic cell components was proposed to mitigate the self-discharge problem. The hybrid supercapacitor was similar to a conventional supercapacitor with two active carbon electrodes...
An optimization model used to determine the optimum insulation thickness (OIT) of walls and roofs of existing buildings was established. Primary energy saving ratio (PESR), global cost saving ratio (GCSR) and pollutant emission reduction ratio (PERR) were used as evaluation criteria. Least square method was used to fit the polynomials which indicated the relationship between annual air-conditioning...
Nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs) are considered as a promising solution to the mitigation of the energy problems. A proper control of the energy system operation of the nZEB cluster is essential for improving load matching, reducing grid interaction and reducing energy bills. Existing studies have developed many demand response control methods to adjust the operation of energy systems to improve...
Low temperature district heating (DH) system gives easier access to the renewable energy as heat sources and improves the heat distribution efficiency. From the exergy point of view, low DH supply temperature also better matches the exergy demand of space heating and domestic hot water. It is more beneficial to operate district heating system under lower temperature level for the heat-sparse area...
To endow catalyst supports with excellent co-catalytic activity is an effective way to strengthen methanol-tolerance of Pt-based catalysts towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this study, nitrogen-doped molybdenum selenide/biomass-derived carbon (N-MoSe2/BC) composite as a Pt-support/co-catalyst is prepared via a synchronous synthesis method to enhance methanol tolerance. The porous structure...
Uncertainties are often involved in the investment decision making of the coal-fired power plant. They are often characterized by diversity and fuzziness. In order to minimize their adverse effects on the evaluation of investment, we proposed a novel combined thermal power plant investment decision-making model. This model takes the Net Present Value(NPV) as the objective function, and takes the predictions...
Thermal energy storage is important for energy saving and social developing. Low-cost, high thermal conductivity, form-stable composite phase change materials are urgent in energy storage and management. In this work, a novel carbonized wood-based composite phase change materials (TDCW) are fabricated by impregnating of 1-tetradecanol (TD) into carbonized wood (CW). CW as supporting material exhibits...
Gaseous phase mercury emissions into the atmosphere from fossil fuel combustion processes for energy production are a matter of serious environmental concern. Several technologies have been studied and proposed to address this problem, but none of them is mature enough from a commercial point of view. This study aims to provide new insights into the interaction between mercury and iron oxides in order...
The power distribution networks (PDN) are spread in different street and Alley. Furthermore, nowadays, the DG is used in PDN, especially photovoltaic (PV). Therefore, fault location in these PDNs is complex. In this paper, an improved impedance based method has been proposed for fault location in power distribution network with presence of photovoltaic distributed generation resources. According that...
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