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An experimental study is conducted to evaluate the effects of using blends of ethanol with conventional diesel fuel, with 5%, 10% and 15% (by vol.) ethanol, on the combustion and emissions of a standard, fully instrumented, four-stroke, high-speed, direct injection (HSDI), ‘Hydra’ diesel engine located at the authors’ laboratory. The tests are conducted using each of the above fuel blends or neat...
Cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a common way to control in-cylinder NO x production and is used on most modern high-speed direct injection (HSDI) diesel engines. However EGR has different effects on combustion and emissions production that are difficult to distinguish (increase of intake temperature, delay of rate of heat release (ROHR), decrease of peak heat release, decrease in...
DI diesel engines are well established today as the main powertrain solution for trucks and other relevant heavy duty vehicles. At the same time emission legislation (mainly for NO x and particulate matter) becomes stricter, reducing their limit to extremely low values. One efficient method to control NO x in order to achieve future emissions limits is the use of rather high exhaust...
Diesel engine development for use in light-, medium- and heavy-duty road vehicles is mainly driven by more and more stringent emission standards. Apart from air quality related emissions such as nitrogen oxides and particulates, also greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are likely to become of more and more importance. Furthermore, oil-based fuel availability might become a problem due to limited reserves...
Through experiments conducted on a single cylinder direct injection (DI) diesel engine, effects of exhaust gas recirculatoin (EGR) on combustion and emission during cold start were investigated. Combustion of first firing cycle can be promoted significantly by introducing EGR. In experiments, when partially closed choking valve and partially or fully opened EGR valve, peak cylinder pressure of first...
An experimental analysis is conducted investigating the differences between the variations of overall and local instantaneous heat transfer coefficients, during the engine cycle, in the combustion chamber walls of a direct injection (DI), air-cooled diesel engine located at the authors’ laboratory. For this purpose, a novel experimental installation is developed, which separates the engine transient...
Homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion mode provides very low NO x and soot emissions; however, it has some challenges associated with hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, fuel consumption, difficult control of start of ignition and bad behaviour to high loads. Cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a common way to control in-cylinder NO x production in diesel and HCCI...
Environmental concern and availability of petroleum fuels have caused interests in the search for alternate fuels for internal combustion engines. Waste plastics are indispensable materials in the modern world and application in the industrial field is continually increasing. In this context, waste plastics are currently receiving renewed interest. As an alternative, non-biodegradable, and renewable...
Pressure-wave supercharger (PWS) is a technical way to raise engine intake pressure. In this research, a compression-ignition (CI) engine is boosted by COMPREX PWS and the performance of the engine was tested. In order to improve the power of the PWS diesel engine, the Grey Relational Analysis was completed. The analysis results show that two factors, the intake air flow and the exhaust gas temperature,...
Emission tests were carried out on a large-scale medium-speed supercharged diesel engine (∼1MW per cylinder) with control parameters compression ratio, start of ignition (SOI) and fuel type (light and heavy fuel oil, LFO and HFO). Emissions of NO x , CO, hydrocarbons (HC), smoke (FSN) and particulate matter (PM) were measured and are discussed in relation to the control parameters. Regarding...
Among the alternative fuels, biodiesel and its blends are considered suitable and the most promising fuel for diesel engine. The properties of biodiesel are found similar to that of diesel. Many researchers have experimentally evaluated the performance characteristics of conventional diesel engines fuelled by biodiesel and its blends. However, experiments require enormous effort, money and time. Hence,...
Advances in biodiesel, emulsified diesel and artificial chemical additives are driven by consumer demand to save energy and reduce emissions from diesel engines. However, the effect of emulsified bio-solution/palm-biodiesel/diesel blends in diesel engines has not been assessed. Experimental results in this work demonstrate that the emulsified bio-solution/palm-biodiesel/diesel blends have the advantage...
Many short-run studies point to the potential for direct fueling of compression ignition engines with plant oil fuels. There is a much smaller body of work that examines the potential for these fuels in long-run tests that illuminate engine endurance and longevity issues. Generally, longevity studies involving direct fueling of engines with straight plant oils have shown significant impact to the...
This paper describes an experimental study conducted on a modern high speed common-rail automotive Diesel engine in order to evaluate the effects on combustion and pollutant emissions of water injected as a fine mist in the inlet manifold.First, a literature survey describing the several ways to introduce water in an internal combustion engine and reporting the main results from previous studies is...
The major obstacle to biodiesel commercialization is the high cost of raw materials. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil is an economical source and thus an effective strategy for reducing the raw material cost. Using waste cooking oil also solves the problem of waste oil disposal. This study investigated the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carcinogenic potencies and regulated matters,...
Electricity supply in remote areas around the world is mostly guaranteed by diesel generators. This relatively inefficient and expensive method is responsible for 1.2 million tons of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in Canada annually. Some low- and high-penetration wind–diesel hybrid systems (WDS) have been experimented in order to reduce the diesel consumption. We explore the re-engineering of current...
The interest in energy from biomass, in particular for transportation, is related to the need to differentiate the energy sources to improve environment and protect human health. Objective of this study is a comparative evaluation of performance and exhaust emissions of an automotive diesel engine fuelled by mixtures of rapeseed and soybean methyl ester with reference to mineral diesel fuel. The spatial...
The engine performance impact of soybean oil ethyl ester blending into diesel fuel was analyzed employing heat release analysis, in-cylinder exergy balances and dynamometric tests. Blends with concentrations of up to 30% of soybean oil ethyl ester in volume were used in steady-state experiments conducted in a high speed turbocharged direct injection engine. Modifications in fuel heat value, fuel–air...
The paper presents the research results pertaining to the renewable biomass charcoal–diesel slurries and their use as alternative fuels for combustion in diesel generating plants. The utilization of charcoal slurry fuel aims to reduce diesel oil consumption and would decrease fossil green house emissions into the atmosphere. The paper investigates the formulation, emulsification, sprays, combustion,...
In the current work, the effect of using CPO (crude palm oil)–OD (ordinary diesel) blends as fuel on the performance of CI (compression ignition) engine is studied. Three different blends of CPO–OD (25%, 50% and 75%) were investigated using direct-injection, stationary diesel engine. The CPO–OD blends were preheated to about 60 °C before the injection to reduce the viscosity of the blends. The experiments...
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