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Load following is the potential for a power plant to adjust its power output as demand and price for electricity fluctuates throughout the day. In nuclear power plants, this is done by inserting control rods into the reactor pressure vessel. This operation is very inefficient as nuclear power generation is composed almost entirely of fixed and sunk costs; therefore, lowering the power output doesn't...
In this study, a novel thermoeconomic optimization method that is simple and efficient, for real complex cycles is introduced. First, a thermoeconomic analysis method that is called non-linear simplex direct search method is improved for the purposes of this study. The objective of this paper is to apply this method to four cogeneration cycles that are simple cycle, inlet air cooling cycle, air preheated...
CDQ (coke dry quenching) is a widely used method for recovering waste heat in the steel industry. We have developed a novel, data driven modeling approach and model based control for a CDQ unit to increase steam generation in a cogeneration system. First, the correlation between steam generation and TCGB (the temperature of circulation gas entering the associated boiler) was confirmed. Subsequently,...
The impact of the sampling time interval for energy demands on the optimal operational planning of residential cogeneration systems without electric power export was analyzed. To improve their operational flexibility, focus was also placed on battery installation. First, an optimal operational planning problem was modeled on the basis of a mixed-integer linear programming. The features of the model...
The aim of this work is to analyse whether the integration of Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) process into Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants can be more competitive, under certain conditions, than the independent freshwater and power production by connecting a Reverse Osmosis (RO) system to a CSP plant. For this purpose, different CSP + MED configurations using the steam from the turbine as the...
An optimal structural design model of residential cogeneration systems with a battery is developed using an MILP (mixed-integer linear programming) approach. A battery is introduced as a device candidate to increase operational flexibility of cogeneration units without electric power export. In this model, the selection from device candidates and multi-period operation of selected devices, in which...
The aim of this research is to identify actions that dissipate the institutional and financial barriers that are faced by those energy projects which comprise the joint use of district heating networks and cogeneration in the EU-28. From this evaluation, institutional and financial barriers were identified, which included: distinctive competence, fuel price volatility, and much of the current regulatory...
In this study, an independent energy system for houses in cold regions was developed using a small-scale natural gas CGS (cogeneration), air-source heat pump, heat storage tank, and GHB (gas hydrate battery). Heat sources for the GHB were the ambient air and geothermal resources of the cold region. The heat cycle of CO2 hydrate as a source of energy was also experimentally investigated. To increase...
Despite the strong support for exergy in thermodynamics, the industry still relies on energy based power plant efficiencies. The paper exposes errors with energy based efficiencies and improves the graphical representation of plants efficiencies. Among others, energy efficiencies cannot recognised that Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plant may be less efficient than condensing plants or that fossil...
This paper presents a methodology to optimize the size (electric power) of a cogeneration plant based on a biomass-fired Organic Rankine Cycle and connected to an existing district heating network, maximizing profitability. First, a model to determine the hourly thermal energy demand profile of a location in Spain has been derived, from open access meteorological data included in Spanish building...
A methodology is proposed to assess the savings achieved from the implementation of ECMs (energy conservation measures) in industrial plants with application for a combined cycle cogeneration plant. The analysis begins with the study of the operation of the system and a qualitative assessment of the changes resulting from the ECMs in the plant. The control volume is subsequently selected with the...
This work compares various CES (cryogenic energy storage) systems as possible candidates to store energy from renewable sources. Mitigating solar and wind power variability and its direct effect on local grid stability are already a substantial technological bottleneck for increasing market penetration of these technologies. In this context, CES systems represent low-cost solutions for variability...
This two-part paper proposes an approach based on state-of-the-art numerical optimization methods for simultaneously determining the most profitable design and part-load operation of Combined Heat and Power Organic Rankine Cycles. Compared to the usual design practice, the important advantages of the proposed approach are (i) to consider the part-load performance of the ORC at the design stage, (ii)...
Miller cycle engines are one of the popular engine concepts that are available for improving performance, reducing fuel consumption and NOx emissions. There are many research studies that investigated the modification of existing conventional engines for operation on a Miller cycle. In this context, a comparative performance analysis and optimization based on exergetic performance criterion, total...
Thermoelectric generators have long been recognized as a unique energy conversion device due to their capability to convert heat directly into electricity with no moving parts. Nevertheless, engineering applications of these solid-state devices, apart from specialised situations, have been limited by the relatively low intrinsic conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric materials. Many efforts have...
In this study, the first and second laws of thermodynamics are used to analyze the quantity and quality of energy in a small compact trigeneration system. This combined cycle is composed of a little reciprocating ICE model GM, 1.0 CORSA (internal combustion engine), using LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) as fuel, HE1 and HE2 (two heat exchangers) and an AM (absorption machine) using ammonia–water as...
The cogeneration system is one of the most important parts of sugarcane mills which use the bagasse as fuel. In the recent years, modern equipments and energy efficiency measures made possible to the sugarcane industry, the production of surplus electricity which become, besides the sugar and ethanol, a third product from the same renewable source, the sugarcane. This work analyses the surplus electric...
In an energy landscape undergoing great change with regard to CO2 emissions, the evaluation of solutions allowing a drastic reduction of the anthropogenic emissions are carried out for more than a decade. Among them, CO2 capture and storage on coal power plants has been identified as a particularly promising solution but other options such as heat and electricity cogeneration and power plant hybridization...
Integration of a CHP steam plant with an installation of coal gasification and gas turbine leads to an IGCC-CHP (integrated gasification combined cycle-combined heat and power). Two installations of coal gasification have been analyzed, i.e. pressurized entrained flow gasifier – case 1 and pressurized fluidized bed gasifier with CO2 recirculation – case 2. Basing on the results of mathematical modelling...
A multi objective optimization method is conducted for a cogeneration system to achieve the best system design parameters from both thermodynamic and economic aspects by utilizing NSGA-II (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II). Exergy efficiency and total cost rate of the system have been considered as objective functions. The cogeneration system consists of a gas turbine and an ORC (organic...
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