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Multiple energy generating cycles such as tri-generation cycles, which produce heat and cold in addition to power through burning of a primary fuel, have increasingly been used in recent decades. On the other hand, advanced exergy analysis of thermodynamic systems by splitting exergy destruction into endogenous and exogenous parts identifies internal irreversibilities of each of the components and...
The low temperature coal pyrolysis technology and the atmospheric and vacuum tar distillation were combined to establish a low-rank coal based process system, which can co-produce semicoke, syngas and light oil. And then the simulation models of key units and whole system were also developed. As the calculation results, the lignite with 41.0% moisture can be converted to semicoke, syngas and light...
A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) tool was designed and used to support the evaluation of different electricity production scenarios. The MCDA tool is implemented in a user-friendly Excel worksheet and uses information obtained from a mixed integer optimization model, to produce a set of optimal schemes under different assumptions. Given the input, the MCDA allowed ranking different scenarios...
Interest in energy savings in urban lighting is gaining traction and has become a priority for municipal administrations.LED (light-emitting diode) technology appears to be the clear future lighting choice. However, this technology is still rapidly developing and has not been sufficiently tested.As an intermediate step, alternative proposals for energy-saving equipment for traditional discharge lamps...
Dynamic analysis of HES (hybrid energy systems) under flexible operation and variable renewable generation is considered in this two-part communication to better understand various challenges and opportunities associated with the high variability arising from integrating renewable energy into the power grid. Unique consequences are addressed by devising advanced HES solutions in which multiple forms...
In this paper we investigate the value of capture-readiness by modeling the cost effectiveness of various alternative technological options and focusing on different clean-coal technology pathways. The modeling framework developed is based on stochastic net present value calculations. It allows for consideration of path-dependent and technology-specific risk combinations inherent in the input and...
This article presents biomass gasification technology as a possible method for reducing CO 2 emissions in industrial energy generation. The research uses process gas obtained from biomass gasification to fuel a piston-feeding SG (combustion engine). An innovative GG (gas generator) was constructed with a fixed bed, producing approximately 60 kW t of power, which was tested at The Institute...
A three-dimensional (3D) numerical model is proposed for natural state simulation of the Las Tres Vírgenes (LTV) geothermal system from emplacement and cooling of the heat source. A conceptual model of the LTV volcanic system was developed considering tectonic regime, structural geology, outcropping geology, eruptive events and geochronology. The model includes the emplacement of two magma chambers,...
It is well documented that organic N amendments helps to increase soil organic carbon and improve other soil properties, and some reports also show an accompanying reduction in energy for tillage for short term application of organic N amendments. The influence of soil inorganic and organic N amendments on soil organic carbon is complex and long-term effects on energy for tillage are unknown. A field...
This paper establishes a multi-agent system comprising a government agent, a gas operator agent, and an industrial and commercial users agent. The system simulates the dynamic change process of demands and running states in an UGPN (urban gas pipeline network) and explores the optimal TOU (time-of-use) natural gas price to minimize the peak–valley load difference. The government agent plays a monitoring...
The effects of ethanol fumigation on the inter-cycle variability of key in-cylinder pressure parameters in a modern common rail diesel engine have been investigated. Specifically, maximum rate of pressure rise, peak pressure, peak pressure timing and ignition delay were investigated. A new methodology for investigating the start of combustion was also proposed and demonstrated—which is particularly...
Natural gas flows in pipelines as a consequence of the pressure difference at the inlet and outlet. Adjusting these pressures makes it possible to inject natural gas at one rate and withdraw at a different rate, hence using the pipeline as storage as well as transport. We study the value of using the so called pipeline linepack as a short-term gas storage and how this functionality may offset the...
This study was carried out in Esfahan province of Iran. Data were collected from 260 farms in Fereydonshahr city with face to face questionnaire method. The objective of this study was to predict wheat production yield and (greenhouse gas) GHG emissions on the basis of energy inputs. Accordingly, several (artificial neural network) ANN models were developed and the prediction accuracy of them was...
In this paper it is proposed a Maximum Power Point (MPP) tracking technique for the photovoltaic (PV) system based on an advanced Extremum Seeking (aES) control that improves both basic performances of the ES control schemes: guaranteed convergence and proved internal robustness. Beside these features that are necessary in case of unmodeled dynamics, other features such as higher search speed and...
The energy returned on invested, EROI, has been evaluated for typical power plants representing wind energy, photovoltaics, solar thermal, hydro, natural gas, biogas, coal and nuclear power. The strict exergy concept with no “primary energy weighting”, updated material databases, and updated technical procedures make it possible to directly compare the overall efficiency of those power plants on a...
The LFL (lower flammable limit) and UFL (upper flammable limit) of R1150 were researched experimentally on a self-made test rig according to the Chinese National Standard GB/T12474 under variable temperature and humidity conditions. Results showed that the LFL increased with the decrease of temperature, while the UFL reduced, therefore the flammable range shrank 3.42% from 55 °C to −5 °C. Another...
In this study, combined heat and power units are incorporated in the practical reserve constrained dynamic economic dispatch, which minimizes total production costs considering realistic constraints such as ramp rate limits and valve-point effects over a short time span. The integration of combined heat and power units and considering power ramp constraints for these units necessitate an efficient...
This paper primarily intends to develop a GIS (geographical information system)-based data mining approach for optimally selecting the locations and determining installed capacities for setting up distributed biomass power generation systems in the context of decentralized energy planning for rural regions. The optimal locations within a cluster of villages are obtained by matching the installed capacity...
Mineral carbonation of alkaline waste materials is being studied extensively for its potential as a way of reducing the increased level of CO 2 in the atmosphere. Carbonation converts CO 2 into minerals which are stable over geological time scales. This process occurs naturally but slowly, and needs to be accelerated to offset the present rate of emissions from power plants and other...
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