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A detailed review of different applications that have already been investigated with SMARTS, a versatile spectral solar irradiance model, is proposed here. This review provides examples of applications in many different disciplines, for which recent developments are discussed. Three main types of applications are considered, depending on their spectral range. Purely spectral applications encompass...
Measurement and modeling of broadband and spectral terrestrial solar radiation is important for the evaluation and deployment of solar renewable energy systems. We discuss recent developments in the calibration of broadband solar radiometric instrumentation and improving broadband solar radiation measurement accuracy. An improved diffuse sky reference and radiometer calibration and characterization...
During the past few decades, there has been a continual rise in interest in passive and active solar energy uses, not only in the governmental and commercial sectors, but also within the private sector. There is thus a need for taking measurements of solar irradiation and creating local and regional databases of irradiation and synoptic (meteorological) information. However, there is no guarantee...
In the present work, we studied the exterior daylight conditions in Sheffield in Central England (53.38 o N, 1.50 o W) during winter. The study makes use of the 15 standard sky types defined by Kittler et al. These sky types are presented as diagrams of the ratio of the zenith luminance (L z ) to the diffuse horizontal illuminance (D v ) against solar altitude (γ)....
Daylight illuminance, particularly on vertical surfaces, plays a major role in determining and evaluating the daylighting performance of a building. In many parts of the world, however, the basic daylight illuminance data for various vertical planes are not always readily available. The usual method to obtain diffuse illuminance on tilted planes would be based on inclined surfaces models using data...
An inter-comparison of the clearness indices for the solar UVB, UVA and global radiation for Beer Sheva and Neve Zohar (Dead Sea) are presented utilizing radiation data measured from January 1995 through December 2001 for which there is a one-to-one correspondence between the measurements, viz., any day for which a hourly value for one of the sites was missing is rejected and not included in the analysis...
Software is being developed to assess the performance of a new form of triple glazing system that can be used in hot arid countries. The method includes the insertion of an angled glazing element within the window cavity to maximize the reflection of incident direct insolation while maintaining an acceptable level of day lighting. SMARTS2 (Simple Model of the Atmospheric Radiative Transfer of Sunshine)...
For many solar-related applications, it is important to separately predict the direct and diffuse components of irradiance or illuminance. Under clear skies, turbidity plays a determinant role in quantitatively affecting these components.In this paper, various aspects of the effect of turbidity on both spectral and broadband radiation are addressed, as well as the uncertainty in irradiance predictions...
In this communication, an attempt has been made to evaluate the cloudiness/haziness factor for the composite climate of New Delhi (latitude: 28.58 o N; longitude: 77.02 o E; elevation: 216 m above msl). To estimate the hourly variation of beam and diffuse radiation on a horizontal surface for any day, atmospheric transmittances for beam and diffuse radiation have been introduced to...
A very important factor in the assessment of solar energy resources is the availability of direct irradiance data of high quality. However, this component of solar radiation is seldom measured and thus must be estimated from data of global solar irradiance, which is registered in most radiometric stations. In recent years, artificial neural networks (ANN) have shown to be a powerful tool for mapping...
Artificial intelligence techniques, such as fuzzy logic and neural networks, have been used for estimating hourly global radiation from satellite images. The models have been fitted to measured global irradiance data from 15 Spanish terrestrial stations. Both satellite imaging data and terrestrial information from the years 1994, 1995 and 1996 were used. The results of these artificial intelligence...
This was the opening paper to the Conference. The paper combines the historic experience of the author on solar radiation climatology built up over the last 50 years with a more detailed account of his contribution to a number of recent European funded projects dealing with solar radiation in the context of applications. These projects have been especially concerned with the improved delivery of accurately...
Brewer spectrophotometer makes direct sun (ds) measurements at five wavelengths in the ultraviolet B (UVB) band. In addition to ozone (O 3 ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) atmospheric column values, Brewer ds measurements have been used to measure the aerosol optical thickness (AOT or τ ae ) in the UVB. The atmospheric optical thickness (τ at ) is drawn from the...
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