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Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are the adaptor molecules that allow the ribosome to decode genetic information during protein synthesis. During decoding, the ribosome must chose the tRNA whose anticodon corresponds to the codon inscribed in the messenger RNA to incorporate the correct amino acid into the growing polypeptide chain. Fidelity is improved dramatically by a GTP hydrolysis event. Information about...
The ribosome decodes the genetic information that resides in nucleic acids. A key component of the decoding mechanism is a conformational switch in the decoding center of the small ribosomal subunit discovered in high-resolution X-ray crystallography studies. It is known that small subunit nucleotides A1492 and A1493 flip out of helix 44 upon transfer RNA (tRNA) binding; however, the operation principles...
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