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Objective: In all western countries the demand for ICU-services is increasing and complaints about a lack of ICU-beds arise - independent of the actual density of ICU-services. The demand for more ICU-beds triggered a debate on whether it is possible to define an ''objective'' need. It was the aim of the assessment to analyze conventional as well as innovative approaches to plan and to evaluate ICU-services...
: We designed a tool to measure the rate and appropriateness of intensive care unit (ICU) nursing coverage as a proxy for the use of resources.: We tested the tool in 32 Italian ICUs during a cross-sectional study (4 days/week, October 2001 and April 2002). The level of care was classified as high or low. The appropriate patient-to-nurse ratio for both levels (2/1 and 3/1 in this ICU mix) was defined...
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