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Our previous findings suggest that the activation of the rat intronless myc gene provides a selective advantage in tumor suppression through apoptosis induction. In the present study, to examine whether intronless myc gene acting as an apoptosis inducer is evolutionarily conserved in mammalian cells, we isolated the mouse intronless myc gene and characterized it. A sequence analysis demonstrated that...
The cDNA encoding novel human annexin 31 was utilized for chromosomal mapping, structural comparison, and phylogenetic analysis to clarify its genetic relationship to other annexins. The ANX31 gene locus was mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization to human chromosome 1q21, remote from ten other paralogous human annexins on different chromosomes but near the epidermal differentiation gene complex,...
Two distinct calmodulin (CaM) genes are isolated from the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi, (Hr-CaM A and Hr-CaM B) and those structures are determined. There are three nucleotide substitutions, producing two amino acid differences between Hr-CaM A and Hr-CaM B, and those are corresponding to two of the known eight variable residues among metazoan CaMs. Both Hr-CaM A and Hr-CaM B are constructed from...
The major E/S protein of Trichuris trichiura, the human whipworm, is a highly immunogenic 47-kDa protein that has a pore forming activity that is thought to be essential for the attachment of the worm to host mucosal epithelium. By gene analysis, we have demonstrated that this protein belongs to a multigene family, and we have obtained genomic and cDNA information for two of these genes. The encoded...
The ras superfamily of GTP binding proteins encompasses a wide range of family members, related by conserved amino-acid motifs, and act as molecular binary switches that play key roles in cellular processes. Gene duplication and divergence has been postulated as the mechanism by which such family members have evolved their specific functions. We have cloned and sequenced a ras-like gene, tbrlp, from...
A cDNA encoding a second full-length member of the Schistosoma mansoni RXR family (SmRXR-2) was identified. The nucleotide sequence of SmRXR-2 translates into a protein of 784 amino acids with a pI of 7.63 and an approximate mass of 78kDa making it the largest reported RXR to date. Phylogenetic tree analysis provides evidence that SmRXR-2 is the most ancient full-length RXR identified. SmRXR-2 exhibits...
Recently, we have defined and analyzed over 1800 orthologous human and rodent genes. Here we extend this work to compare human and Caenorhabditis elegans coding sequences. 1880 human proteins were compared with about 20000 predicted nematode proteins presumably comprising nearly the complete proteome of C. elegans. We found that 44% of human/rodent orthologs have convincing nematode counterparts....
We have updated the map of duplicated chromosomal segments in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome originally published by Wolfe and Shields in 1997 (Nature 387, 708-713). The new analysis is based on the more sensitive Smith-Waterman search method instead of BLAST. The parameters used to identify duplicated chromosomal regions were optimized such as to maximize the amount of the genome placed into...
Extensive DNA data emerging from genome-sequencing projects have revitalized interest in the mechanisms of molecular evolution. Although the contribution of natural selection at the molecular level has been debated for over 30years, the relevant data and appropriate statistical methods to address this issue have only begun to emerge. This paper will first present the predominant models of neutral,...
The structure of the human gene encoding the mitochondrial outer membrane receptor Tom20 has been determined from overlapping clones obtained using PCR-based techniques. The 20kb human Tom20 gene (hTom20) consists of five exons separated by four introns. The 5' flanking region presents features common with other nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. Comparison with its homologs and putative...
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