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The structure of the gene encoding carbonic anhydrase I (CA I) was determined for the pigtail macaque Macaca nemestrina. When the deduced amino-acid sequence was compared with those of five other primates, four non-primate mammals and a turtle, seven residues were found to be unique and invariant to all of the CA I sequences. A scheme is presented for the probable evolutionary order of the six polymorphic...
Monoglyceride lipase (MGL) functions together with hormone-sensitive lipase to hydrolyze intracellular triglyceride stores of adipocytes and other cells to fatty acids and glycerol. In addition, MGL presumably complements lipoprotein lipase in completing the hydrolysis of monoglycerides resulting from degradation of lipoprotein triglycerides. Cosmid clones containing the mouse MGL gene were isolated...
For the first time, we report the genomic organization and characterization of Cathepsin L-like cysteine protease gene cluster from the members of Leishmania donovani complex. The cysteine protease gene cluster of Leishmania chagasi has five copies of tandemly arranged genes. The first gene (Ldccys1A) is identical to Ldccys1 cDNA and is predominantly expressed in promastigotes. The last gene (Ldccys1E)...
3′ Untranslated region processing and polyadenylation in Trichomonas vaginalis was analyzed by 3′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends and sequence analysis of T. vaginalis mRNAs. A putative polyadenylation signal with the sequence UAAA was found 11–30 nucleotides upstream from the cleavage site. The motif pyrimidine↓(A)0–3AAUU is proposed to be the cleavage site for polyadenylation of transcripts. This...
The belief that initiation of translation requires communication between the 5′ and 3′ ends of the mRNA guides—or misguides—the interpretation of many experiments. The closed-loop model for initiation creates the expectation that sequences at the 3′ end of eukaryotic mRNAs should regulate translation. This review looks closely at the evidence in three prominent cases where such regulation is claimed...
In Vertebrates, all genes coding for ribosomal proteins, as well as those for other proteins implicated in the production and function of translation machinery, are regulated by mitogenic and nutritional stimuli, at the translational level. A cis-regulatory element necessary for this regulation is the typical 5′UTR, common to all ribosomal protein mRNAs, which always starts at the 5′ end with several...
The function of the prion protein gene (PRNP) and its normal product PrP C is elusive. We used comparative genomics as a strategy to understand the normal function of PRNP. As the reliability of comparisons increases with the number of species and increased evolutionary distance, we isolated and sequenced a 66.5 kb BAC containing the PRNP gene from a distantly related mammal, the model Australian...
Differential allelic expression (DAE) is a powerful tool to identify cis-regulatory elements for gene expression. The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B15 (UGT2B15), is an important enzyme involved in the metabolism of multiple endobiotics and xenobiotics. In the present study, we measured the relative expression of two alleles at SNP c.1568C>A (rs4148269) in this gene, which causes...
Nescient helix-loop-helix-2 (NHLH2) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, which has been implicated, using mouse knockouts, in adult body weight regulation and fertility. A scan of the known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NHLH2 gene revealed one in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR), which lies within an AUUUA RNA stability motif. A second SNP is nonsynonymous within the...
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