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The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ is regarded as a “master regulator” of adipocyte differentiation and is abundantly expressed in adipose. To understand the biological role of PPARγ in adipose, RNA interference (RNAi) of PPARγ should be a powerful tool. 3T3-L1 cell line serves an excellent model to investigate the mechanism of preadipocyte-to-adipocyte differentiation. However,...
Transcriptional profiles of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and of a RMS cell line were reconstructed by a computational and statistical approach. Expression data of 29,963 genes in 11 adult human healthy tissues and in 37 tumour tissues were analysed for comparison. We identified 202 genes differentially expressed in at least one RMS sample, as compared with normal skeletal muscle. Among them,...
The mammalian glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GART) genes encode a trifunctional polypeptide involved in the de novo purine biosynthesis. We isolated a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone containing the bovine GART gene and determined the complete DNA sequence of the BAC clone. Cloning and characterization of the bovine GART gene revealed that the bovine gene consists of 23 exons...
PIMT, a transcriptional coactivator which interacts with and enhances nuclear receptor coactivator PRIP function, was identified recently in mammalian cells and suggested to function as a link between two major multiprotein complexes anchored by CBP/p300 and PBP. Here we describe that the gene of the Drosophila homologue of PIMT, designated as Dtl, is closely associated and has an overlapping promoter...
Transcription of the PDGF-A chain gene is regulated by multiple promoter and silencer elements that are GC-rich and exhibit considerable single-stranded character. In this study, the 42 kDa single-stranded DNA and RNA binding protein, Purα, was investigated with respect to its ability to bind and interact functionally with single-stranded DNA elements in the PDGF-A gene. Recombinant GST-Purα bound...
As the prototype of a family of transcription factors, Sp1 has been extensively studied and widely reported for its role in gene regulation. The first evidence of Sp1 phosphorylation was reported more than a decade ago. Since then, an increasing number of Sp1 phosphorylation events have been characterized. Recent data demonstrate an important role for the phosphorylation state of Sp1 in the regulation...
We have characterized the regulation of human SH-2 containing inositol 5′-phosphatase 2 (SHIP2) gene expression. First, the transcription initiation sites and the sequence of the 5′ upstream region of human SHIP2 gene were elucidated. Next, the minimal promoter of the human SHIP2 gene was identified by reporter gene assays in HL60 cells and differentiated human subcutaneous white adipocytes. An Sp1...
We have studied the effects of methylation of the promoter region on the expression of human synaptotagmin XI (syt11), a gene implicated in the onset of schizophrenia. Sequence analysis showed that cytosine residues not in the CpG sequence, but still within the promoter region of the gene, are partially methylated. The methylated cytosine residues are located in the mRNA-coding (minus) strand of the...
The fork-head type transcription factors are a class of regulators that function in a broad spectrum of cellular and developmental processes in many species ranging from yeasts to human. Previous data on yeast fork-head genes suggested roles for these regulators in the control of cell division, sexual differentiation and development. The genome of Schizosaccharomyces pombe has four genes that code...
The Hox cluster genes encode a set of transcription factors that have been shown to control spatial patterning mechanisms in bilaterian organism development. The ParaHox cluster is the evolutionary sister of the Hox cluster. The two are believed to descend from an ancestral ProtoHox cluster of four genes from which the three ParaHox genes (Gsx, Xlox, and Cdx) and the four Hox gene classes are believed...
Parasitella parasitica, a facultative mycoparasite of zygomycetous fungi, forms cytoplasmic fusions with its hosts during infection. Thus, the organism is an efficient donor of genetic material in parasexual host–parasite interactions. Recognition between parasite and host is mediated by trisporoids, which are also responsible for sexual communication. The TDH gene for one of the key enzymes of trisporic...
Prostate cancer deaths are due to functional escape of prostate cancer cells from their original androgen-dependent growth. To better understand the origin and evolution of hormone-refractory prostate cancer, it is important to identify and characterize genes expressed in the androgen-deprived prostate. We have verified that the rudimentary prostate of congenital androgen deficient mice (hpg) is indeed...
For several DNA-dependent DNA polymerases it has been shown that their synthetic and degradative activities are organized in two separated modules. The functional coordination required between them to accomplish successfully the replication process is provided by important contacts with the substrate contributed by residues coming from both modules. These domains are connected by a central “linker”...
The human gene encoding the Na + /Ca 2+ exchanger family member 3 (NCX3) undergoes extensive alternative splicing, with four variants previously identified. In this study, we report two novel alternative transcripts encoding two N-terminally truncated NCX3 proteins specifically expressed in human fetal brain. The identified transcripts, designated NCX3-tN.1 and NCX3-tN.2, are approximately...
Here we report the isolation and characterization of the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae genes orthologous to the Drosophila melanogaster sex-determining genes Sex-lethal (Sxl) and doublesex (dsx). Fragments of the Sxl and dsx orthologous were isolated with RT-PCR. Genomic and cDNA clones were then obtained by screening a genomic library and separate male and female cDNA adult libraries using the...
The complete genomic sequence of a Lactobacillus plantarum virulent phage ΦJL-1 was determined. The phage possesses a linear, double-stranded, DNA genome consisting of 36,677 bp with a G+C content of 39.36%. A total of 52 possible open reading frames (ORFs) were identified. According to N-terminal amino acid sequencing and bioinformatic analyses, proven or putative functions were assigned to 21 ORFs...
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