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The mammalian testis-specific linker histone H1t is synthesized only in pachytene primary spermatocytes during spermatogenesis. In this review we summarize some of the progress made in our laboratory and in other laboratories in understanding transcriptional regulation of this gene. The gene is transcriptionally active in pachytene primary spermatocytes and is repressed in all other germinal and non-germinal...
Lactase phlorizin hydrolase is a small intestinal-specific brush border protein commonly used as a specific marker of differentiated enterocytes. A number of transcription factors involved in the enterocyte-specific expression of lactase phlorizin hydrolase have been identified. An upstream regulatory region, which we have named the 'LPH enhancer', located at position -894 to -798 in the porcine lactase...
The testis-specific histone H1t gene is transcribed exclusively in primary spermatocytes and may be important for chromatin structure, transcription, and DNA repair during this stage of spermatogenesis. Transcriptional repression of the gene in other cell types is mediated in part by specific proximal and distal promoter elements and in some cell types by methylation of CpG dinucleotides within the...
Human γ-glutamyl hydrolase (hGH) plays an important role in the metabolism of folic acid and the pharmacology of antifolates such as methotrexate. We have previously cloned and characterized hGH cDNA and its gene. We report here that the levels of hGH gene expression are high in tissues such as liver, kidney, and placenta as determined by Northern blot and RT-PCR analyses. In contrast, hGH expression...
Histones are the major protein component of chromatin. Except H4, all histone classes consist of several subtypes. The H3 family includes two replacement histone genes, H3.3A and H3.3B, which both encode the same protein and are expressed independently from the cell cycle. Since the two genes encode an identical protein, we analyzed whether they are differentially expressed. Therefore we cloned, sequenced...
Interferon-α with its antiproliferative activity is widely used for the treatment of viral infections and tumor therapy such as melanoma. Naturally occurring resistance to recombinant interferon alpha-2a (IFN-α) and severe side effects limit the therapeutic efficacy. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in unresponsiveness may therefore lead to the development of novel formulations that...
Using avian B lymphoma-derived DT40 cells, we disrupted a gene encoding the transcription factor PU.1. The mutant mRNA codes for a protein incapable of functioning as a transcription factor because of the deletion of the protein's DNA-binding domain. The absence of a functional PU.1 protein in the mutant cells was confirmed by Western blotting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, thereby demonstrating...
The centromere binding factor 1 (Cbf1) is necessary for proper chromosome segregation and transcriptional activation of methionine biosynthesis genes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is essential for viability in the related yeasts Kluyveromyces lactis and Candida glabrata. To study the function of Cbf1p in Candida albicans, the major human fungal pathogen, we constructed strains in which...
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