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The bacteriophage MAV1 is required for the development of arthritis in rats after infection with its host Mycoplasma arthritidis. To identify the phage-encoded virulence factor for this arthritis, the complete nucleotide sequence of MAV1 was determined. The linear double-stranded genome of MAV1 is 15644bp and contains 15 ORFs. Putative protein products from these ORFs were identified by comparison...
Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) is a nuclear transcription factor that has been implicated in the nuclear control of respiratory chain expression in mammalian cells. Here, we demonstrate that a complex pattern of alternative splicing contributes to sequence heterogeneity within the human NRF-1 5'-untranslated region (UTR). At least six different 5'-UTR exons (UTRs 1-6) were detected in NRF-1...
The micronuclear gene of the ciliated protozoan Euplotes octocarinatus (Eo) syngen 1 encoding the putative aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase cofactor (ARCE), as well as its macronuclear version and the corresponding cDNA, were amplified and sequenced. Analyses of the sequences revealed that the micronuclear gene contains two sequences (430 and 625bp long) that are missing in the macronuclear version of this...
A Giardia lamblia gene, Glacs, was cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escheria Coli. This gene codes for a 726 residue long acetyl-CoA synthetase (ADP-forming). This enzyme is responsible for the formation of acetate, a metabolic endproduct of G. lamblia. It is known from only two Type I amitochondriate eukaryotes, G. lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica and from the archaebacterium, Pyrococcus furiosus...
Hybrid polar compounds (HPCs), such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), induce differentiation of transformed cells. Differential display of RNA was used to identify genes whose expression is changed during SAHA-induced differentiation of murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells. One such cDNA was identified whose mRNA level decreased by 50% after 8h of SAHA treatment as determined by Northern blot...
Telomeres in the dipteran Chironomus pallidivittatus terminate with 340bp tandem DNA repeats belonging to different subfamilies with characteristic intertelomeric distribution. We have now found, interspersed between such repeats, a composite element of approx. 1400bp present in two similar size variants, with several components of nontelomeric origin. There were about 50 copies of the element, predominantly...
The molecular evolution of two components of elongation factor-1 (EF-1), EF-1β and EF-1δ was analysed using the distance matrix, the maximum parsimony and the maximum likelihood methods, after careful alignment of protein and cDNA sequences. The topology of the phylogenetic trees obtained supports monophyly of plant EF-1β and EF-1β' sequences, and monophyly of higher eukaryotic animal EF-1β and EF-1δ...
A cDNA encoding a second full-length member of the Schistosoma mansoni RXR family (SmRXR-2) was identified. The nucleotide sequence of SmRXR-2 translates into a protein of 784 amino acids with a pI of 7.63 and an approximate mass of 78kDa making it the largest reported RXR to date. Phylogenetic tree analysis provides evidence that SmRXR-2 is the most ancient full-length RXR identified. SmRXR-2 exhibits...
Establishing and maintaining proper sister chromatid cohesion throughout the cell cycle are essential for maintaining genome integrity. To understand how sister chromatid cohesion occurs in mammals, we have cloned and characterized mouse orthologs of proteins known to be involved in sister chromatid cohesion in other organisms. The cDNAs for the mouse orthologs of SMC1 S.c. ...
The porA gene encodes the class 1 outer membrane protein (OMP1) in Neisseria meningitidis and is under transcriptional control. Promoter regions of porA from different clinical isolates were sequenced and were found to differ in the number of guanosine residues in a poly(G) track located upstream of the -10 region. Isolates that did not express OMP1 had up to nine G residues in the poly(G) track or...
A single gene appears to code for the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (itpr) in Drosophila melanogaster, as compared to three known genes in mammals. Expression of the itpr gene in Drosophila occurs in a wide range of tissues and developmental stages, suggesting its requirement during diverse cellular and physiological processes. A head cDNA for the Drosophila IP 3 R has previously been...
The increasing number of reports describing plant MAP kinase signalling components reflects the cardinal role that MAP kinase pathways are likely to play during plant growth and development. Relationship and structural analyses of plant MAP kinase kinase kinase related cDNAs and genes established, on one hand, the PMEKKs, which may be distinguished into the α, β, γ, and ζ groups, and, on the other...
The Drosophila homologue of AP50, the medium chain of clathrin-associated protein complex AP-2, was identified and characterized from the Drosophila Expressed Sequence Tag database. The Drosophila AP50 is 86% identical to that of mouse and human, and 80% identical to the Caenorhabditis elegans homologue. It is a single-copy gene with two mini-introns in the coding region and it maps to position 94B1-B2...
Decreased reduced folate carrier (RFC) activity has been associated with MTX resistance in experimental models of transport-mediated MTX resistance, and has been attributed to changes in the expression of RFC1, the gene that encodes a protein with this activity. RNA transcripts of RFC1 may contain any one of four distinct 5' untranslated regions (UTRs). We cloned a human genomic DNA fragment upstream...
A cDNA clone, pc17bHSD, was obtained from the chicken ovarian cDNA library by its partial homology to the cDNA sequence of the rat 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD). The cDNA insert of pc17bHSD is 979bp long and contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 906bp. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ORF shows 48 and 50% overall identity with those of the rat and the human type-1 17β-HSD, respectively...
Here we describe the identification of a yeast gene (YAH1) with significant homology to a mammalian enzyme, adrenodoxin, encoded in open reading frame (ORF) YPL252C. Adrenodoxin is the second electron carrier that participates in a mitochondrial electron transfer chain that, in mammals, catalyses the conversion of cholesterol into pregnenolone, the first step in the synthesis of all steroid hormones...
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a cytokine that induces pleiotropic inflammatory reactions. Soluble TNFα is released from its membrane-bound precursor by TNFα converting enzyme (TACE)/a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17). We have recently cloned the mouse TACE complete cDNA and the 5' flanking promoter region of the gene. Two versions of the mouse TACE cDNA having a coding region of 2541bp...
The mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) has been shown to integrate frequently into INT-6 in MMTV-induced mouse mammary tumors. The INT6 gene has been highly conserved through evolution and has recently been shown to encode the p48 component of the eucaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF-3) complex. We report here the isolation of the Drosophila eIF-3p48/INT-6. The gene comprises three exons...
A novel Drosophila melanogaster gene UBL3 was characterized and shown to be highly conserved in man and Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The human and mouse homologues were cloned and sequenced. UBL3 is a ubiquitin-like protein of unknown function with no conserved homologues in yeast. Mapping of the human and mouse UBL3 genes places them within a region of shared gene order between human and...
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