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Growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), a G protein-coupled receptor that binds ghrelin, plays an important role in the central regulation of pituitary growth hormone secretion, food intake, and energy homeostasis. Ghrelin receptor (GHSR) modulates many physiological effects and therefore is a candidate gene for sheep production performance. Polymorphism of the GHSR gene was detected by PCR–SSCP...
Lombricine kinase is an annelid enzyme that belongs to the phosphagen kinase family of which creatine kinase and arginine kinase are the typical representatives. The enzymes play important roles in the cellular energy metabolism of animals. Biochemical, physiological and molecular information with respect to lombricine kinase is limited compared to other phosphagen kinases. This study presents data...
The microRNAs are a new class of small non-coding endogenous RNAs with lengths of approximately ~21 nt. MicroRNAs perform their biological function via the degradation of the target mRNAs or by inhibiting protein translation. Until recently, only limited numbers of miRNAs were identified in Brassica oleracea, a vegetable widely cultivated around the world. In present study, 193 potential miRNA candidates...
Coelacanths are known as “living fossils” because their morphology has changed very little from that in the fossil record. To elucidate why coelacanths have evolved so slowly is thus of primary importance in evolutionary biology. In the present study, we determined the entire sequence of the HOX cluster of the Tanzanian coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) and compared it with that of the Indonesian coelacanth...
B cell activating factor (BAFF), a member of the TNF family, is a critical cytokine for the survival, proliferation, maturation, and differentiation of B cells. In the present study, Père David's deer BAFF (miBAFF) was amplified from Elaphurus davidianus using RT-PCR. This is the first BAFF cloned from a member of Cervidae family. The open reading frame (ORF) of the miBAFF cDNA consists of 843 bases...
Aldehyde oxidase is a member of the molybd-flavo enzyme family that catalyzes the hydroxylation of heterocycles and the oxidation of aldehydes into corresponding carboxylic acids. Aldehyde oxidase-1 (AOX1) is highly expressed in liver and is involved in the oxidation of a variety of aldehydes and nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, including anti-cancer and immunosuppressive drugs. However, the physiological...
The accumulating evidence indicates that the viral structural proteins play critical roles in virus infection. However, the interaction between the viral structural protein and host cytoskeleton protein in virus infection remains to be addressed. In this study, the viral VP466 protein, one of the major structural proteins of shrimp white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), was characterized. The results showed...
Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem disorder. Infectious agents, immune system mechanisms, and genetic factors are implicated in the etiopathogenesis of BD, which remains to be explained. The human MDR1 (ABCB1) gene encoder P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a key role in drug disposition, serves as a protective mechanism against xenobiotics, and provides additional protection for the brain, testis,...
We have previously established a cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) transgenic mouse model. The present study elucidated the molecular foundation of hypertension by androgen-induction in this model. The renal expression of CYP4F2 in transgenic mice was highly expressed and strongly induced with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment determined by Western blot. DHT also increased the renal arachidonic acid...
Studies of the relationship between male infertility and polymorphisms in the regions of FSHR G-29A (rs1394205), 919A>G (Thr 307 Ala, rs6165) and 2039A>G (Asn 680 Ser, rs6166) have reported inconsistent results. To assess the association between them, a meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed and CBMdisc literature search were conducted to identify all eligible studies investigating...
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) form the foremost line of defense against ROS in aerobes. Pennisetum glaucum cDNA library is constructed to isolate superoxide dismutase cDNA clone (PgCuZnSOD) of 798bp comprising 5′UTR (111bp), an ORF (459bp) and 3′UTR (228bp). Deduced protein of 152 amino acids (16.7kDa) with an estimated isoelectric point of 5.76 shared highest homology to cytoplasmic CuZnSODs from...
Long interspersed elements (LINEs) are transposable elements that exist in the chromosomal DNA of most eukaryotes; as such, they have a large impact on the genome evolution of their hosts. LINEs mobilize by a mechanism called retrotransposition in which the LINE RNA is reverse-transcribed into DNA and then integrated into the host chromosome. The integration of the 3′ end of the LINE element simultaneously...
Intersectin 1 (ITSN1) is a multidomain adaptor protein that functions in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and signal transduction. This protein is highly abundant in neurons and is implicated in Down syndrome, Alzheimer's disease and, possibly, other neurodegenerative disorders. Here we used an in vitro binding assay combined with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to identify novel binding partners of ITSN1...
TATA box is the most studied core promoter element and has a well-described transcription mechanism. However, most metazoan promoters lack TATA box and contain other core promoter elements. One of such elements is HomolD box, which was first described in promoters of ribosomal protein genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and studies performed in this model showed that transcription directed by HomolD...
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are metalloenzymes that represent one important line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this paper, two novel SOD genes, MdSOD1 and MdSOD2, which putatively encode 261 and 214 amino acid residues respectively were identified and characterized from the housefly Musca domestica. The high similarity of MdSOD1 and MdSOD2 with SODs from other organisms indicated...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the family of noncoding single-strand RNA molecules of 21–25 nucleotides in length and play a broad and key regulation role in various physiological and pathological processes including differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. In Bombyx mori, a total of 487 pre-miRNAs and 562 mature miRNAs were identified by experimental or computational approaches, but...
The 5′‐flanking region of the S 12 -, S 13 -, S 21 -RNase with a length of 854bp, 1448bp and 1137bp were successfully isolated by TAIL-PCR from genomic DNA from ‘Jinhua’, ‘Maogong’ (Pyrus pyrifolia) and ‘Yali’ (Pyrus bretschneideri) genomic DNA. Sequence alignment and analysis of S 13 -, S 12 -, S 21 -RNase gene promoter sequences with S 2 -,...
The Doublesex and Mab-3 related transcription factors (Dmrt) are characterised by the zinc finger-like DM domain binding similar DNA sequences, but show different spatio-temporal expression patterns and functions throughout ontogenesis. Dmrt1 is the master regulator of sex determination in very distant metazoans, while Dmrt2 and Dmrt4 are of crucial importance in vertebrate somitogenesis and neurogenesis,...
Fabry disease is one of three X-linked lysosomal disorders. Because of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), wherein there is (random) transcriptional silencing of one of the X‐chromosomes in each female cell, females are mosaic for the expression of (some) X-linked genes. Thus, based on penetrance and expression, some females heterozygous for Fabry disease are symptomatic but not to the same degree as...
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