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The lysosomal enzyme di-N-acetylchitobiase hydrolyzes N-acetylglucosamine from the reducing-end of the N,N′ diacetylchitobiose core of N-linked-oligosaccharides. The presence of chitobiase in the tissues of different species is probably responsible for differences in the structure of oligosaccharides accumulated in the lysosomal storage disease beta-mannosidosis. The disease has so far been described...
HSP90 proteins are chaperones that play a pivotal role in controlling multiple regulatory pathways such as stress defense, hormone signalling, cell cycle control, cell proliferation and differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, two cDNAs encoding for cytosolic HSP90, referred to as HSP90AA and HSP90AB, have been sequenced. Main features and sequence identities with other fish and mammals are...
The putative autolysin Atl WM of Staphylococcus warneri M is a modular protein exhibiting two enzyme activities, an N-terminal side amidase (ami atlwm -R1-R2) and a C-terminal side glucosaminidase (R3-glu atlwm ). Zymographic analysis of the protein overproduced in Escherichia coli showed that both enzymes were active toward 17 Gram-positive bacteria, including staphylococci,...
The human fatty acid binding protein (FABP2) is involved in intestinal absorption and intracellular trafficking of long-chain fatty acids. Here we investigate transcriptional regulation of FABP2 by the endodermal hepatic nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF-1α). In electromobility shift and supershift assays we show the presence of two adjacent HNF-1α binding sites within the FABP2 promoter regions -185 to...
Mitochondrial genomes have been useful for inferring animal phylogeny across a wide range of clades, however they are still poorly sampled in some animal taxa, limiting our knowledge of mtDNA evolution. For example, despite being one of the most diverse animal phyla, only 5 complete annelid mitochrondial genomes have been published. To address this paucity of information, we obtained complete mitochondrial...
According to recent reports, many ribosomal RNA gene annotations are still questionable, and the use of inappropriate tools for annotation has been blamed. However, we believe that the abundant 16S rRNA partial sequence in the databases, mainly created by culture-independent PCR methods, is another main cause of the ambiguous annotations of 16S rRNA. To examine the current status of 16S rRNA gene...
Hybrid defects are believed to result from genetic incompatibilities between genes that have evolved in separate parental lineages. These genetic dysfunctions on the hybrid genomic background, also known as Dobzhansky–Muller incompatibilities, can be an incipient signature of speciation, and as such — a subject of active research. Here we present evidence that Acyp locus (CG16870) that encodes acylphosphatase,...
Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) is a highly regulated enzyme that mediates lipolysis in adipocytes. HSL enzymatic activity is increased by adrenergic agonists, such as catecholamines and glucagons, which induce cyclic AMP (cAMP) intracellular production, subsequently followed by the activation of Protein Kinase A (PKA) and its downstream signalling cascade reactions. Since HSL constitutes the key enzyme...
The Leishmania genome project has identified new genes at a rapid rate. The 32.8-megabase haploid genome of Leishmania major (Friedlin strain) is published and the comparative analysis of genome sequences of two other species, Leishmania infantum and Leishmanai braziliensis has been done. The haploid genome of Leishmania major (Friedlin strain) has around 8272 protein-coding genes, of which only 36%...
Little is known about the upstream regulator of Runx2, a master regulator of osteoblast differentiation in bone tissues. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of Runx2 gene expression, we analyzed Runx2 promoter activity in osseous (MC3T3-E1, KS483, Kusa) and non-osseous (NIH3T3, C3H10T1/2, mouse embryonic fibroblasts) cells and also identified Runx2 upstream regulator using a Runx2 promoter-derived...
We have studied the dynamics of de novo DNA methylation of 16 contiguous CpGs in the non-CpG island-coding region of the proto-oncogene c-fos during mouse development by Na-bisulfite sequencing. Methylation commences from 16.5 dpc and occurs in stepwise-manner. In liver 7 sites are methylated between 16.5 dpc and day 5 after birth, but all the sites are completely methylated on 20 dpp and remain so...
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