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The 15,360-bp long complete mitogenome of Caligula boisduvalii possesses a gene arrangement and content identical to other completely sequenced lepidopteran mitogenomes, but different from the common arrangement found in most insect order, as the result of the movement of tRNA Met to a position 5'-upstream of tRNA Ile . The 330-bp A+T-rich region is apparently capable of forming a...
The EGF-TM7 receptor CD97 shows different features of expression and function in muscle cells compared to hematopoetic and tumor cells. Since the molecular function and regulation of CD97 are poorly understood, this study aimed at defining its basal transcriptional regulation in smooth muscle cells (SMCs).The computational analysis of the CD97 5′-flanking region revealed that the TATA box-lacking...
Runx2 is a Runt domain transcription factor that transcriptionally regulates osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. In this study, we show that human chondro- and osteosarcoma cell lines, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and a human primary chondrocytes (HC), osteoblst cells (HOb) express an intact isoform (RUNX2wt) and 3 alternatively spliced isoforms (RUNX2Δ5, Δ7, and Δ5Δ7) that are generated...
Vitellogenin (Vtg) derivatives are the main egg-yolk proteins in most oviparous animal species, and are, therefore, key players in reproduction and embryo development. Conserved synteny and phylogeny were used to identify a Vtg gene cluster (VGC) that had been evolutionarily conserved in most oviparous vertebrates, encompassing the three linked Vtgs on chicken (Gallus gallus) chromosome 8. Tandem...
The LAT gene encodes an adaptor molecule that links receptor engagement to critical downstream signaling events. Previously, we identified the proximal promoter for the human LAT gene and found that it contains binding sites for members of the Ets and Runx transcription factor families. In the present study, we show that the promoter also contains 5 GC-rich elements that contribute to promoter activity...
Histone H2A.Bbd (Barr body-deficient) is a novel histone variant which is largely excluded from the inactive X chromosome of mammals. Discovered only 6 years ago, H2A.Bbd displays very unusual structural and functional properties, for instance, it is relatively shorter and only 48% identical compared to H2A, lacking both the typical C-terminal tail of the H2A family and the very last sequence of the...
FOXP2 is a forkhead transcription factor implicated in developmental verbal dyspraxia, a human speech and language disorder. FOXP2 is expressed in complex patterns during brain, lung, heart, and gut development and on into adulthood. Both the protein sequence and brain expression patterns are highly conserved through much of vertebrate evolution. FOXP2 also contains six ultraconserved regions in its...
Microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF) regulates bone homeostasis by inducing expression of critical genes associated with osteoclast function. Gpnmb is a macrophage-enriched gene that has also been shown to be expressed in osteoblasts. Here, we have shown gpnmb to be highly induced in maturing murine osteoclasts. Microarray expression profile analysis identified gpnmb as a potential target of...
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase catalyzes what is typically the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of ethylene, a gaseous plant growth regulator that plays numerous roles in the growth and development of higher plants. Although ACC synthase genes have been characterized from a wide variety of angiosperm plant species, no ACC synthase genes have been described previously for gymnosperms...
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