In the present paper, the influence of laser remelting parameters and laser modifying with B4C, MoB and TaB particulates on the structure, phases, microhardness and wear rates of Fe-based self-fluxing alloy coatings is studied. The laser spot speed, diameter and beam overlap factor influence the changes of alloy structures and composition. The presence of alloyed α-Fe and γ-Fe and a lot of hard inclusions, such as FeB, MoB, TaB and CrB, Fe3C, VC, Cr3C2 and B4C, was revealed. Laser alloying with add-in reinforced B4C, MoB and TaB particulates affects the structure and phases composition of the coating significantly. These changes affect the microhardness and wear rate of the coatings.