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We applied a neural network model of classical conditioning proposed by Schmajuk et al. (1996) to visual signal detection and discrimination tasks designed to assess sustained attention in rats (Bushnell, 1999). We used a sign-tracking description of signal detection behavior by assuming that rats approach the location of the lever that they expect will be rewarded. We also assumed that although the...
Contingency, and more particularly temporal contingency, has often figured in thinking about the nature of learning. However, it has never been formally defined in such a way as to make it a measure that can be applied to most animal learning protocols. We use elementary information theory to define contingency in such a way as to make it a measurable property of almost any conditioning protocol....
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