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Pesticides are commonly used compounds in agriculture. Especially, organophosphates (OPs) are among the extensively used pesticides. Therefore, OPs poisoning is common, especially in underdeveloped and developing countries. Primary aim of this study was to research the effects of acute OPs poisoning on genome instability in the individuals’ lymphocytes with acute OPs poisoning both by using the cytokinesis-block...
The coast of Goa receives anthropogenic stress through its major rivers, which carry mining wastes, including iron and manganese ores from upstream mining sites, and petroleum hydrocarbons from shipping activities. These contaminants show seasonal variation in concentration and may be bioaccumulated by fauna inhabiting these waters. These fauna, including the bivalve molluscs, are particularly at...
The recent revisions of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) genetic toxicology test guidelines emphasize the importance of historical negative controls both for data quality and interpretation. The goal of a HESI Genetic Toxicology Technical Committee (GTTC) workgroup was to collect data from participating laboratories and to conduct a statistical analysis to understand...
This study aimed at analyzing the frequency of micronuclei (MN) in exfoliated cells as well as the levels of Pb-210 in urine samples to evaluate the association between the smoking habit and toxic stress of transitional epithelial cells. The frequency of MN was scored from Giemsa-stained slides while exchange resin and beta counting techniques were employed to measure the concentrations of this radioisotope...
Silibinin, the active component of Silybum marianum (L.), is a powerful antioxidant. Male rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were treated with silibinin. DNA damage was demonstrated by the comet assay in the control, diabetic, and treatment groups. DNA damage was increased in diabetic rats and decreased by silibinin treatment.
The liver’s role in metabolism of chemicals makes it an appropriate tissue for toxicity testing. Current testing protocols, such as animal testing and two-dimensional liver cell systems, offer limited resemblance to in vivo liver cell behaviour, in terms of gene expression profiles and metabolic competence; thus, they do not always accurately predict human toxicology. In vitro three-dimensional liver...
Resveratrol (RSV) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytoalexin possessing numerous health-promoting effects. Chromosomal instability (CIN), usually results from defective spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), is a major contributor to many diseases. While it’s recently recognized that RSV exhibits a nonlinear dose response for disease prevention, whether it’s the case for its role in CIN remains...
Theonella sp is an important source of biologically–active 3-alkylpyridine alkaloids (3-APAs) that has shown a wide variety of promising biological effects. In the present work, two new 3-APAs analogues were synthesized based on molecular modeling studies to act as potential antimalarial agents. These theoneladin C analogues, containing the thiocyanate group in their chemical structures, were synthesized...
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