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We show here that it is possible to combine two different genetic immunogens, one designed to induce HIV-1 specific humoral immune responses (pKCMVgp160B) and one designed to induce cellular anti-HIV-1 immune responses (Auxo-GTU ® -MultiHIV), and still retain the major properties of both vaccine constructs. The two different constructs were delivered using two different methods; the gene-gun...
The N-terminal domain of the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) has been largely neglected in the search for a malaria vaccine in spite of being a target of inhibitory antibodies and protective T cell responses in mice. Thus, in order to develop this region as a vaccine candidate to be eventually associated with other candidates and, in particular, with the very advanced C-terminal counterpart, synthetic...
Childhood immunisation coverage reported at 12 to <15 months and 2 years of age, may mask deficiencies in the timeliness of vaccines designed to protect against diseases in infancy. This study aimed to evaluate immunisation timeliness in Indigenous infants in the Northern Territory, Australia. Coverage was analysed at the date children turned 7, 13 and 18 months of age. By 7 months of age, 45.2%...
There is an urgent need for a vaccine capable of preventing HIV infection or the development of HIV-related disease. A number of approaches designed to stimulate HIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses together with helper responses are presently under evaluation. In this phase 1, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial, we tested the ability of a novel multiepitope peptide vaccine to elicit HIV-specific...
We evaluated three commercial trivalent inactivated vaccines (TIVs) from the 2007–2008 season in terms of their ability to elicit in vitro T cell responses. T cell-mediated immunity may offer a more cross-reactive vaccine approach for the prevention of pandemic or epidemic influenza. Human cytotoxic T cell lines demonstrated differences in matrix protein 1 and nucleocapsid protein recognition of autologous...
During the period March 1, 1998 to January 14, 2007, approximately 6 million doses of Anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) vaccine were administered. As of January 16, 2007, 4753 reports of adverse events following receipt of AVA vaccination had been submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). Taken together, reports to VAERS did not definitively link any serious unexpected risk to...
European badgers (Meles meles) are a reservoir host of Mycobacterium bovis and are implicated in the transmission of tuberculosis to cattle in Ireland and Great Britain. The development of a vaccine for use in badgers is considered a key element of any campaign to eradicate the disease in livestock in both countries. In this study we have vaccinated groups of badgers with ∼5×10 5 cfu of the...
In this open, randomized, comparative study (105908/NCT00353288), 458 age-stratified children (15 months–2 years and 2–6 years) previously primed with MMR received one dose of either a combined MMRV vaccine (Priorix-Tetra™, MMRV group) or concomitant MMR and varicella vaccines (Priorix™ and Varilrix™, MMR+V group), followed 42–56 days later by another dose of varicella vaccine (Varilrix™) in both...
In our previous studies we established fusogenic properties of lipids isolated from edible yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). We demonstrated that liposomes prepared from S. cerevisiae membrane lipid (saccharosome) can deliver encapsulated antigen into cytosol of the antigen presenting cells and elicit antigen specific cell mediated as well as humoral immune responses. In this study,...
This article analyzes the performance of a Hib vaccine demand forecast developed in 2003 for 68 GAVI-supported countries between 2004 and 2007. During that period of time, corresponding to an acceleration of Hib vaccine uptake, several groups of countries were identified based on the stage of their decision-making process, perception of Hib disease burden and programme performance. Better forecast...
Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) infection is associated with a majority of cervical cancers and a significant proportion of head and neck cancers. Here, we describe a novel-engineered DNA vaccine that encodes a HPV-16 consensus E6/E7 fusion gene (pConE6E7) with the goal of increasing its antitumor cellular immunity. Compared to an early stage HPV-16 E7 DNA vaccine (pE7), this construct was up...
In this work, the cDNA encoding a novel P-II type metalloproteinase from Bothrops asper venom glands was cloned, sequenced and used for DNA immunization of animals with accelerated DNA-coated tungsten microparticles and the helius Gene Gun system. Specific antibodies against B. asper venom antigens were induced in mice co-immunized with the plasmid encoding the P-II metalloproteinase together with...
Positive clone Hq05 of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (named following those cDNA clones cloned from the tick before) was obtained by differentially screening of a cDNA library of the tick with rabbit anti-tick salivary gland serum and rabbit anti-tick saliva serum. Hq05 contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 540bp that codes for 179amino acid residues with a coding capacity of 20kDa. Sequence similarity...
BCG has been administered to over 4 billion persons worldwide, but its efficacy in preventing tuberculosis in adults has been highly variable. One hypothesis for its variability is that different strains of BCG vary in protective efficacy, and moreover, that evolutionarily early strains are more efficacious than the more attenuated evolutionarily late strains, which lack region of deletion 2. To examine...
Subunit vaccines are attractive as an intervention strategy against leptospirosis, an important zoonotic disease afflicting both humans and livestock. However, the success of subunit vaccines has been hampered by weak or short-term immunity and unavailability of nontoxic, potent adjuvants. In the present study, the variable region of recombinant Leptospira immunoglobulin like protein A (LigAvar) incorporated...
Intradermal vaccine delivery has been shown to induce good immune responses with low vaccine doses. Technologies for drug-delivery which specifically target the skin may render intradermal vaccination more accessible.We conducted a prospective, randomized trial in 180 intended-to-treat healthy adults. Study objectives were to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of low-dose intradermal (ID) influenza...
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