Vaccine
The effect of ionic strength and ethylene glycol on the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or lysozyme by a commercial aluminium hydroxide or aluminium phosphate adjuvant was studied at pH 7.4 and 25 o C. The adsorption of BSA by aluminium hydroxide adjuvant and lysozyme by aluminium phosphate adjuvant was found to be inversely related to ionic strength. This indicates that electrostatic...
To enhance the potential efficacy of peptide-based vaccines for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), a principal neutralizing domain (PND) peptide (KRIHIGPGRAFYT) (HIV-1 M N ) was covalently coupled to Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin A (TA). Immunization of guinea-pigs with this conjugate vaccine, in the absence of an adjuvant, engendered a high-affinity antibody response to the homologous...
The objective of this study was the comparison of the quantity and quality of the humoral immune response against inactivated whole human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Twenty-four different adjuvants were tested. The toxicity of these preparations was determined. Due to the large number of experiments, the animal model used was the NMRI mouse. Sera were assayed for the presence of antibodies by ELISA...
Baculovirus recombinants that express the Rickettsia rickettsii rOmpA protein were constructed. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the rOmpA protein reacted with recombinant-infected Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells in indirect immunofluorescence assays. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting of infected Sf9 cell lysates with a mAb against rOmpA showed that...
This paper describes a field trial involving 13 calves raised on a farm known to be endemic for Trichophyton verrucosum infection. Seven calves were immunized by subcutaneous inoculations with a crude ribosomal fraction (CRF) of T. verrucosum suspended in aluminium hydroxide as adjuvant. Six animals were sham-immunized with buffer suspended in the adjuvant and served as controls. Two injections were...
Previous studies have shown an absence of interaction between hepatitis B (HB) vaccine and other vaccines used in EPI programmes except for an apparent decrease of yellow fever antibody levels when hepatitis B and yellow fever vaccines are given simultaneously. We have therefore reinvestigated the interaction of these two vaccines and assessed the absence of interaction between inactivated polio vaccine...
A formalin-killed P-fimbriated Escherichia coli serotype O4 vaccine was evaluated for protective efficacy in monkeys in an experimental pyelonephritis model following urethral bacterial inoculation. The vaccination did not protect against initial colonization and there were no significant differences in the time of bacteriuria after experimental infection in the two groups of animals. The whole-cell...
The effects of a combination of intranasal (i.n.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of inactivated influenza vaccine for priming and boosting on the cross-protection against antigenically drifted virus challenge were examined in Balb/c mice. Mice were primed through the i.n. or s.c. route with a CTB * -A/Kumamoto/37/79 (H1N1) combined vaccine (CTB * : cholera toxin B subunit supplemented...
Imiquimod, an immunomodulator which upregulates cell-mediated immune responses, was evaluated as an adjuvant for immunotherapy of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in guinea-pigs. In two experiments at separate research centres, animals were immunized with HSV glycoprotein and either placebo, 1 or 5 days of imiquimod, or complete Freund's adjuvant, 14 and 35 days after genital...
We have developed a unique multiple step procedure to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus chemically with a very high safety margin while retaining antigenically active structural virion proteins, including gp120, in the final immunogen. The whole virus preparation (1-10 μg per dose) was highly immunogenic in a variety of small mammals and induced antibodies that recognized homologous and heterologous...
Live virus vaccines against bovine and porcine diseases were examined for the presence of adventitious pestivirus RNA or pestiviruses by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pestivirus RNA was detected in the live virus vaccines against Akabane disease, Ibaraki disease, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, porcine parvovirus infection, transmissible gastroenteritis and Japanese encephalitis...
Rhesus-human reassortant tetravalent (RRV-TV) oral rotavirus vaccine was given at the same time as oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) or inactivated parenteral poliovirus vaccine (IPV) to Thai infants at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. Sera for rotavirus antibody studies were taken prior to and one month after each vaccination. After the first dose of vaccine at 2 months of age, 37% of the infants receiving...