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To reduce the number of injections needed to comply with paediatric vaccination requirements, a liquid, hexavalent vaccine (DTaP-IPV-PRP-T-HBs; Hexavac ( R); Aventis Pasteur MSD) has been developed for primary and booster vaccination of infants and toddlers. In extensive clinical studies, Hexavac ( R) has been shown to be highly immunogenic. Seroconversion or seroprotective titres...
Infectious diseases are the primary cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality in people, resulting in millions of deaths every year. Infection of the newborn with some of the pathogens involved, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or group B Streptococcus sp. (GBS), usually occurs at the end of pregnancy, during...
Mice and rabbits have been vaccinated with whole bacteriophage lambda particles containing a DNA vaccine expression cassette under the control of the CMV promoter (enhanced green fluorescent protein [λ-EGFP] or hepatitis B surface antigen [λ-HBsAg]). Mice were vaccinated twice intramuscularly (i.m.) with 5x10 9 of λ-EGFP phage (containing 250ng DNA) and exhibited specific anti-EGFP responses...
While a number of studies remain to be completed, evidence is mounting that there is no demonstrable risk for infants immunized with vaccines containing thiomersal. Epidemiological studies in the US have shown no developmental or other central nervous system abnormalities resulting from exposure to vaccines containing thiomersal. During the initial evaluation of thiomersal in vaccines during 1999,...
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination never lose its importance; however, we did not get immune response with vaccination in some cases at the hemodialysis (HD) units. In this research, our aim was to evaluate antibody responses that constitute with natural ways and vaccination against HBV infection in chronic HD patients. In this retrospective cohort study (between 1999 February and 2001 December),...
The prevalence of seropositive individuals that makes costs of vaccinating all individuals equal to that for screening and vaccination of susceptible individuals is defined as the critical prevalence of antibodies (p * ). Screening and vaccination is more efficient when the prevalence of seropositive individuals (p) in the population is higher than p * . In this study, the formula...
A new single-injection combination vaccine against six diseases has been developed to accommodate the growing number of recommended paediatric vaccines. A pentavalent liquid diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (3-component), hepatitis B, and inactivated polio (types 1–3) combined vaccine (DTPa–HBV–IPV) is extemporaneously mixed with a lyophilized Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) conjugate vaccine...
We conducted a randomized, controlled clinical trial to determine the immunogenicity of intradermal immunization with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine among HIV-positive subjects. Induction of antibody concentration over 10IU/L or four-fold increase in the antibody concentration against hepatitis B surface antigen was regarded a successful immunization. Intradermal immunization induced protective immunity...
Hepatitis B infection is highly endemic among the primitive tribes of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India and it is necessary to initiate hepatitis B vaccination for control of this infection. A pilot project of mass hepatitis B vaccination using indigenously developed vaccine was initiated among Nicobarese tribe of Car Nicobar Island. Sero-protection rates after second and third year were 89% and...
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