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The safety and immunogenicity of two authentic recombinant (ar) Rift Valley fever (RVF) viruses, one with a deletion in the NSs region of the S RNA segment (arMP-12ΔNSs16/198) and the other with a large deletion of the NSm gene in the pre Gn region of the M RNA segment (arMP-12ΔNSm21/384) of the RVF MP-12 vaccine virus were tested in crossbred ewes at 30–50 days of gestation. First, we evaluated the...
Footrot is a contagious disease of small ruminants which is caused by the bacterium Dichelobacter nodosus. In its virulent form there are severe economic losses and a very significant animal welfare issue. Sheep and goats can be vaccinated for treatment and prevention of the disease. There are 10 different serogroups of D. nodosus (A–I and M) and immunity is serogroup-specific. When all 10 serogroups...
Schmallenberg virus (SBV), a novel Orthobunyavirus, is an insect-transmitted pathogen and was first described in Europe in 2011. SBV causes a mild transient disease in adult ruminants, but severe foetal malformation and stillbirth were observed after an infection of naive cows and ewes, which is responsible for considerable economic losses. The virus is now widely distributed in Europe, and no vaccines...
Bluetongue virus (BTV) is an insect vector transmitted virus which causes an economically important disease in ruminants. BTV infection during pregnancy can result in infection of the foetus, which may lead to the birth of persistently infected or immunotolerant offspring. Since persistently infected animals continuously produce large amounts of virus they could be a source of infection for the insect...
Malignant ovine theileriosis caused by Theileria lestoquardi is an economically important disease infecting small ruminants in the Sudan. The disease causes massive losses among sheep in many regions of Northern Sudan. The present studies were done to isolate lymphoblastiod cells infected with malignant ovine theileriosis and attenuate them by passage using culture media to develop and produce schizonts...
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