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Between July 1997 and April 1998, Canadian public health agencies switched from the whole cell vaccine to the acellular vaccine for pertussis immunization. The acellular vaccine provided better efficacy and fewer adverse events than the whole cell vaccine did.To determine the economic impact of replacing the whole cell vaccine with an acellular vaccine in Canada.A decision analytic model was developed...
In Serbia, whole cell pertussis vaccine was introduced in 1957. Current composition of the vaccine has been used since 1985 and contains four autochthonous strains of Bordetella pertussis isolated from 1957 to 1984. To monitor changes in bacterial population, 70 isolates collected from 1953 to 2000 were studied together with the vaccine strains. The methods included serotyping of fimbriae (Fim), genotyping...
Healthcare workers’ (HCWs) knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding pertussis immunization were assessed and compared to the rate of vaccine uptake. A questionnaire was distributed to employees at a paediatric and maternity tertiary care centre. Respondents were then offered a dose of the tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) at a free vaccine clinic. In total, 529 out of...
Current infant vaccination against pertussis in North America and Australia requires three doses of vaccines including diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis antigens (DTaP) at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. Interest is growing in the possibility that vaccination at birth might provide earlier protection of infants, but early vaccination also gives rise to concerns over the potential for excessive...
Pertussis (whooping cough) is a toxic bacterial infection caused mainly by Bordetella pertussis. In mid-January 2006, several cases of pertussis were diagnosed in a military boarding-school. An investigation was carried out at the end of January to identify the risk factors for infection and to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination.Three definitions were used to distinguish the cases; confirmed biologically,...
We conducted surveys to determine factors influencing women's decisions to accept or decline postpartum pertussis (Tdap) vaccination. Survey response rate among eligible individuals was 97%. Of respondents, 53% accepted and 47% declined postpartum Tdap. Women, who declined vaccination were more likely to rate maternal or infant risk of exposure to pertussis as low, report that they did not trust information...
Duration of vaccine-induced immunity plays a key role in the epidemiology and in the pattern of transmission of a vaccine-preventable disease. In the case of whooping cough, its re-emergence has been attributed, at least partly, to the waning of immunity conferred by current pertussis vaccines. We have recently developed a highly attenuated live vaccine, named BPZE1, which has been shown to be safe...
The incidence of reported cases with pertussis has increased in young adults in Japan and the lack of additional booster immunizations containing pertussis components is suspected to be one of the causal reasons. Instead of DT immunization at 11–12 years of age, safety and immunogenicity were investigated using 0.2ml and 0.5ml of DTaP. 176 subjects in DTaP 0.5ml, 178 in DTaP 0.2ml, and 197 in DT 0...
Tdap is recommended for health care personnel (HCP) aged <65 years who received tetanus diphtheria or tetanus toxoid immunization (Td/TT) ≥2 years earlier. During a medical center Tdap vaccination campaign, we assessed the safety of use of a Td/TT to Tdap interval <2 years in HCP. We also describe reactogenicity in HCP who were aged ≥65 years or pregnant.HCP vaccinated with Tdap were surveyed...
Reduced-antigen-content diphtheria–tetanus–acellular-pertussis (dTpa) vaccines are predominantly recommended for once-in-a-lifetime use. A second dTpa (Boostrix™, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals) administration in 164 adults previously vaccinated with dTpa 10 years previously was evaluated. Before the decennial booster, 89.4% and 94.8% subjects were seroprotected (antibodies ≥0.1IU/mL) for diphtheria...
Pertussis remains a cause of considerable morbidity in children worldwide. Due to the resurgence of the disease, two vaccine doses for schoolchildren were added to the routine Israeli schedule. In 2005 a 5th dose was introduced for second-graders (aged 7–8), and in 2008 an additional catch-up dose in the eighth grade (13–14 year-olds).Population-based epidemiologic study of pertussis in the Jerusalem...
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